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Index of Diseases
O
Obesity in Diabetes
Definition: Annotation: also for "diabetes in obesity"; coord IM with specific diabetes precoord (IM) if pertinent ID#: D009766Obesity, Morbid
Definition: The condition of weighing two, three, or more times the ideal weight, so called because it is associated with many serious and life-threatening disorders. Annotation: "2, 3 or more times the ideal weight"; /surg permitted as coord for any see related ref below if both dis & surg are discussed ID#: D009767Occupational Diseases
Definition: Diseases due to factors involved in one's employment. (From Dorland, 28th ed) Annotation: the patient or disease: differentiate from INDUSTRY (the realm of labor, capital & trade) & OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE (the med specialty): Manual 31.14, 31.16; coord IM with specific dis (IM); DF: OCCUP DIS ID#: D009784Ochronosis
Definition: A disease in which the metabolic products of phenylalanine and tyrosine accumulate, resulting in the deposition of HOMOGENTISIC ACID (a brown-black pigment) in the connective tissue. It occurs in ALKAPTONURIA, but has also been observed in connection with exposure to certain chemicals (e.g., phenol, trinitrophenol, benzene derivatives). Annotation: ID#: D009794Ocular Hypertension
Definition: A condition in which the intraocular pressure is elevated above normal and which may lead to glaucoma. Annotation: do not equate with GLAUCOMA; do not confuse with OCULAR HYPOTENSION ID#: D009798Ocular Hypotension
Definition: Abnormally low intraocular pressure often related to chronic inflammation (uveitis). Annotation: "abnormally low intraocular pressure": do not confuse with OCULAR HYPERTENSION ID#: D015814Ocular Motility Disorders
Definition: Disorders that feature impairment of eye movements as a primary manifestation of disease. These conditions may be divided into infranuclear, nuclear, and supranuclear disorders. Diseases of the eye muscles or oculomotor cranial nerves (III, IV, and VI) are considered infranuclear. Nuclear disorders are caused by disease of the oculomotor, trochlear, or abducens nuclei in the BRAIN STEM. Supranuclear disorders are produced by dysfunction of higher order sensory and motor systems that control eye movements, including neural networks in the CEREBRAL CORTEX; BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; and BRAIN STEM. Ocular torticollis refers to a head tilt that is caused by an ocular misalignment. Opsoclonus refers to rapid, conjugate oscillations of the eyes in multiple directions, which may occur as a parainfectious or paraneoplastic condition (e.g., OPSOCLONUS-MYOCLONUS SYNDROME). (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p240) Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics ID#: D015835Oculocerebrorenal Syndrome
Definition: A sex-linked recessive disorder of amino acid transport which affects the EYE; NERVOUS SYSTEM; and KIDNEY. Clinical manifestations include CATARACT; GLAUCOMA; developmental delay (which eventually leads to profound cognitive deficits); myopathy; peripheral neuropathy; and hypotonia. There is an associated generalized aminoaciduria of the FANCONI SYNDROME type; renal tubular acidosis (ADIDOSIS, RENAL TUBULAR); and hypophosphatemic RICKETS. This condition has been associated with deficient activity of the enzyme phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate-5-phosphatase. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, p60; Am J Hum Genet 1997 Jun;60(6):1384-8) Annotation: ID#: D009800Oculomotor Nerve Diseases
Definition: Diseases of the oculomotor nerve or nucleus that result in weakness or paralysis of the superior rectus, inferior rectus, medial rectus, inferior oblique, or levator palpebrae muscles, or impaired parasympathetic innervation to the pupil. With a complete oculomotor palsy, the eyelid will be paralyzed, the eye will be in an abducted and inferior position, and the pupil will be markedly dilated. Commonly associated conditions include neoplasms, CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA, ischemia (especially in association with DIABETES MELLITUS), and aneurysmal compression. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p270) Annotation: do not confuse X-ref OCULOMOTOR NERVE PALSY with oculomotor palsies caused by weakened 4th or 5th cranial nerves which are indexed: 4th=TROCHLEAR NERVE DIS and 6th=ABDUCENS NERVE DIS, if not specified use CRANIAL NERVE DIS; neopl: coord IM with CRANIAL NERVE NEOPLASMS (IM) + histol type of neopl (IM); do not confuse with OCULOMOTOR PARALYSIS see OPHTHALMOPLEGIA ID#: D015840Odontodysplasia
Definition: A localized arrested tooth development which appears to involve most commonly the anterior teeth, usually on one side of the midline, most often the maxillary central and lateral incisors. Roentgenographically, the teeth have a ghostlike appearance. Calcification and bits of prismatic enamel may be found in the pulp and the enamel is thin and absent in part. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982) Annotation: an abnorm of tooth develop; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES ID#: D018126Odontogenic Cyst, Calcifying
Definition: A mixed radiolucent-radiopaque lesion of the jaws with features of both a cyst and a solid neoplasm. It is characterized microscopically by an epithelial lining showing a palisaded layer of columnar basal cells, presence of ghost cell keratinization, dentinoid, and calcification. (Stedman, 25th ed) Annotation: neoplastic; /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with probably JAW NEOPLASMS (IM) or precoord jaw/neopl term (IM) ID#: D018333Odontogenic Cysts
Definition: Cysts found in the jaws and arising from epithelium involved in tooth formation. They include follicular cysts (e.g., primordial cyst, dentigerous cyst, multilocular cyst), lateral periodontal cysts, and radicular cysts. They may become keratinized (odontogenic keratocysts). Follicular cysts may give rise to ameloblastomas and, in rare cases, undergo malignant transformation. Annotation: non-neoplastic but calcifying odontogenic cyst = ODONTOGENIC CYST, CALCIFYING (neoplastic); /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with MANDIBULAR DISEASES or MAXILLARY DISEASES (IM) ID#: D009807Odontogenic Tumors
Definition: Neoplasms produced from tooth-forming tissues. Annotation: benign or malignant; /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with precoord organ/neopl term (IM) ID#: D009808Odontoma
Definition: A mixed tumor of odontogenic origin, in which both the epithelial and mesenchymal cells exhibit complete differentiation, resulting in the formation of tooth structures. (Jablonski, Illustrated Dictionary of Dentistry, 1982) Annotation: /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with precoord organ/neopl term (IM); French "odontome" (a form of developmental anomaly): index under TOOTH ABNORMALITIES ID#: D009810Oesophagostomiasis
Definition: Infection of the intestinal tract with worms of the genus OESOPHAGOSTOMUM. This condition occurs mainly in animals other than man. Annotation: nematode infect of intestines ID#: D009814Olfaction Disorders
Definition: Loss of or impaired ability to smell. This may be caused by OLFACTORY NERVE DISEASES; PARANASAL SINUS DISEASES; viral RESPIRATORY TRACT INFECTIONS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; SMOKING; and other conditions. Annotation: ID#: D000857Olfactory Nerve Diseases
Definition: Diseases of the first cranial (olfactory) nerve, which usually feature anosmia or other alterations in the sense of smell and taste. Anosmia may be associated with NEOPLASMS; CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM INFECTIONS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; inherited conditions; toxins; METABOLIC DISEASES; tobacco abuse; and other conditions. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp229-31) Annotation: neopl: coord IM with CRANIAL NERVE NEOPLASMS (IM) + histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D020431Oligodendroglioma
Definition: A relatively slow-growing glioma that is derived from oligodendrocytes and tends to occur in the cerebral hemispheres, thalamus, or lateral ventricle. They may present at any age, but are most frequent in the third to fifth decades, with an earlier incidence peak in the first decade. Histologically, these tumors are encapsulated, relatively avascular, and tend to form cysts and microcalcifications. Neoplastic cells tend to have small round nuclei surrounded by unstained nuclei. The tumors may vary from well-differentiated to highly anaplastic forms. (From DeVita et al., Cancer: Principles and Practice of Oncology, 5th ed, p2052; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p655) Annotation: coord IM with precoord brain/neopl term (IM) + site (IM); for MIXED OLIGODENDROGLIOMA-ASTROCYTOMA or MIXED OLIGODENDROGLIOMA-EPENDYMOMA index here only, do not coord with ASTROCYTOMA or EPENDYMOMA ID#: D009837Oligohydramnios
Definition: Presence of less than 300 ml of amniotic fluid at term. Principal causes include malformations of fetal urinary tracts, intra-uterine growth retardation, high maternal blood pressure, nicotine poisoning, and prolonged pregnancy. Annotation: reduced levels of amniotic fluid ID#: D016104Oligomenorrhea
Definition: Abnormally infrequent menstruation. Annotation: differentiate from scanty or shortlasting menstruation ( = HYPOMENORRHEA see MENSTRUATION DISORDERS) ID#: D009839Oligospermia
Definition: Deficiency in the number of spermatozoa in semen. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: defic of no. of sperm in semen ID#: D009845Oliguria
Definition: Clinical manifestation of the urinary system consisting of a decrease in the amount of urine secreted. Annotation: do not confuse with ANURIA ID#: D009846Olivopontocerebellar Atrophies
Definition: A group of inherited and sporadic disorders which share progressive ataxia in combination with atrophy of the CEREBELLUM; PONS; and inferior olivary nuclei. Additional clinical features may include MUSCLE RIGIDITY; NYSTAGMUS; RETINAL DEGENERATION; MUSCLE SPASTICITY; DEMENTIA; URINARY INCONTINENCE; and OPHTHALMOPLEGIA. The familial form has an earlier onset (second decade) and may feature spinal cord atrophy. The sporadic form tends to present in the fifth or sixth decade, and is considered a clinical subtype of MULTIPLE SYSTEM ATROPHY. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1085) Annotation: DF: OPCA ID#: D009849Onchocerciasis
Definition: Infection with nematodes of the genus ONCHOCERCA. Characteristics include the presence of firm subcutaneous nodules filled with adult worms, pruritus, and ocular lesions. Annotation: /drug ther: consider FILARICIDES ID#: D009855Onchocerciasis, Ocular
Definition: Filarial infection of the eyes transmitted from person to person by bites of Onchocerca volvulus-infected black flies. The microfilariae of Onchocerca are thus deposited beneath the skin. They migrate through various tissues including the eye. Those persons infected have impaired vision and up to 20% are blind. The incidence of eye lesions has been reported to be as high as 30% in Central America and parts of Africa. Annotation: /drug ther: consider FILARICIDES ID#: D015827Onychomycosis
Definition: A fungal infection of the nail plate, usually caused by a species of Epidermophyton, Microsporum, or Trichophyton, and producing opaque, white, thickened, friable, and brittle nails. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: ringworm of the nails; do not coord with NAILS; specify FOOT DERMATOSES (NIM) or HAND DERMATOSES (NIM) ID#: D014009Oophoritis
Definition: Inflammation of an ovary. Annotation: inflamm of ovary ID#: D009869Open Bite
Definition: A condition in which certain opposing teeth fail to establish occlusal contact when the jaws are closed. Annotation: ID#: D024343Ophthalmia Neonatorum
Definition: Acute conjunctival inflammation in the newborn, usually caused by maternal gonococcal infection. The causative agent is NEISSERIA GONORRHOEAE. The baby's eyes are contaminated during passage through the birth canal. Annotation: bact conjunctivitis; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES ID#: D009878Ophthalmia, Sympathetic
Definition: Granulomatous uveitis which follows in one eye after a penetrating injury to the other eye; the secondarily affected eye is called the sympathizing eye, and the injured eye is called the exciting or activating eye. Annotation: a type of uveitis: note X ref ID#: D009879Ophthalmoplegia
Definition: Paralysis of one or more of the ocular muscles due to disorders of the eye muscles, neuromuscular junction, supporting soft tissue, tendons, or innervation to the muscles. Annotation: do not confuse X ref OCULOMOTOR PARALYSIS with OCULOMOTOR NERVE PARALYSIS ID#: D009886Ophthalmoplegia, Chronic Progressive External
Definition: A mitochondrial myopathy characterized by slowly progressive paralysis of the levator palpebrae, orbicularis oculi, and extraocular muscles. Ragged-red fibers and atrophy are found on muscle biopsy. Familial and sporadic forms may occur. Disease onset is usually in the first or second decade of life, and the illness slowly progresses until usually all ocular motility is lost. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1422) Annotation: this opthalmoplegia with cardiomyopathy & retinitis pigmentosa = KEARNS SYNDROME; DF: note short X ref ID#: D017246Opisthorchiasis
Definition: Infection with flukes of the genus Opisthorchis. Annotation: trematode infect caused by genus OPISTHORCHIS but not OPISTHORCHIS SINENSIS ( = CLONORCHIS SINENSIS, causing CLONORCHIASIS) ID#: D009889Opportunistic Infections
Definition: An infection caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression. Annotation: "an infect caused by an organism which becomes pathogenic under certain conditions, e.g., during immunosuppression"; coord IM with specific name of opportunistic infect (IM) + specific infect to which it is opportunistic (IM), using /compl for all 3 ID#: D009894Optic Atrophies, Hereditary
Definition: Hereditary conditions that feature progressive visual loss in association with optic atrophy. Relatively common forms include autosomal dominant optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY, AUTOSOMAL DOMINANT) and Leber hereditary optic atrophy (OPTIC ATROPHY, HEREDITARY, LEBER). Annotation: ID#: D015418Optic Atrophy
Definition: Atrophy of the optic disk which may be congenital or acquired. This condition indicates a deficiency in the number of nerve fibers which arise in the RETINA and converge to form the OPTIC DISK, OPTIC NERVE, OPTIC CHIASM, and optic tracts. GLAUCOMA, ISCHEMIA, inflammation, a chronic elevation of intracranial pressure, toxins, optic nerve compression, and inherited conditions (see OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY) are relatively common causes of this condition. Annotation: /genet permitted but do not confuse with OPTIC ATROPHIES, HEREDITARY ID#: D009896Optic Atrophy, Autosomal Dominant
Definition: Dominant optic atrophy is a hereditary optic neuropathy causing decreased visual acuity, color vision deficits, a centrocecal scotoma, and optic nerve pallor (Hum. Genet. 1998; 102: 79-86). Mutations leading to this condition have been mapped to the OPA1 gene at chromosome 3q28-q29. OPA1 codes for a dynamin-related GTPase that localizes to mitochondria. Annotation: ID#: D029241Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber
Definition: A maternally linked genetic disorder that presents in mid-life as acute or subacute central vision loss leading to central scotoma and blindness. The disease has been associated with missense mutations in the mtDNA, in genes for Complex I, III, and IV polypeptides, that can act autonomously or in association with each other to cause the disease. (from Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Omim/, MIM#535000 (April 17, 2001)) Annotation: ID#: D029242Optic Disk Drusen
Definition: Optic disk bodies composed primarily of acid mucopolysaccharides that may produce pseudopapilledema (elevation of the optic disk without associated INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION) and visual field deficits. Drusen may also occur in the retina (see RETINAL DRUSEN). (Miller et al., Clinical Neuro-Ophthalmology, 4th ed, p355) Annotation: do not confuse with RETINAL DRUSEN ID#: D015594Optic Nerve Diseases
Definition: Conditions which produce injury or dysfunction of the second cranial or optic nerve, which is generally considered a component of the central nervous system. Damage to optic nerve fibers may occur at or near their origin in the retina, at the optic disk, or in the nerve, optic chiasm, optic tract, or lateral geniculate nuclei. Clinical manifestations may include decreased visual acuity and contrast sensitivity, impaired color vision, and an afferent pupillary defect. Annotation: SMON: see note on OPTIC NEURITIS; inflamm dis = OPTIC NEURITIS ID#: D009901Optic Nerve Glioma
Definition: Glial cell derived tumors arising from the optic nerve, usually presenting in childhood. Roughly 50% are associated with NEUROFIBROMATOSIS 1. Clinical manifestations include decreased visual acuity; EXOPHTHALMOS; NYSTAGMUS; STRABISMUS; pallor or swelling of the optic disc; and INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION. The tumor may extend into the optic chiasm and hypothalamus. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p681) Annotation: ID#: D020339Optic Nerve Injuries
Definition: Injuries to the optic nerve induced by a trauma to the face or head. These may occur with closed or penetrating injuries. Relatively minor compression of the superior aspect of orbit may also result in trauma to the optic nerve. Clinical manifestations may include visual loss, PAPILLEDEMA, and an afferent pupillary defect. Annotation: ID#: D020221Optic Nerve Neoplasms
Definition: Benign and malignant neoplasms that arise from the optic nerve or its sheath. OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA is the most common histologic type. Optic nerve neoplasms tend to cause unilateral visual loss and an afferent pupillary defect and may spread via neural pathways to the brain. Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D019574Optic Neuritis
Definition: Inflammation of the optic nerve. Commonly associated conditions include autoimmune disorders such as MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS, infections, and granulomatous diseases. Clinical features include retro-orbital pain that is aggravated by eye movement, loss of color vision, and contrast sensitivity that may progress to severe visual loss, an afferent pupillary defect (Marcus-Gunn pupil), and in some instances optic disc hyperemia and swelling. Inflammation may occur in the portion of the nerve within the globe (neuropapillitis or anterior optic neuritis) or the portion behind the globe (retrobulbar neuritis or posterior optic neuritis). Annotation: SMON (Subacute Myelo-Optico-Neuropathy) is indexed here + MYELITIS + SYNDROME ID#: D009902Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic
Definition: Ischemic injury to the optic nerve which usually affects the optic disk (optic neuropathy, anterior ischemic) and less frequently the retrobulbar portion of the nerve (optic neuropathy, posterior ischemic). The injury results from occlusion of arterial blood supply which may result from TEMPORAL ARTERITIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; COLLAGEN DISEASES; EMBOLI; DIABETES MELLITUS; and other conditions. The disease primarily occurs in the sixth decade or later and presents with the sudden onset of painless and usually severe monocular visual loss. Anterior ischemic optic neuropathy also features optic disk edema with microhemorrhages. The optic disk appears normal in posterior ischemic optic neuropathy. (Glaser, Neuro-Ophthalmology, 2nd ed, p135) Annotation: ID#: D018917Oral Fistula
Definition: An abnormal passage within the mouth communicating between two or more anatomical structures. Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; fistula policy: Manual 23.19+ ID#: D016155Oral Hemorrhage
Definition: Bleeding from the blood vessels of the mouth, which may occur as a result of injuries to the mouth, accidents in oral surgery, or diseases of the gums. Annotation: not hemorrh from the mouth but hemorrh of oral tissue; do not confuse with BLEEDING ON PROBING, GINGIVAL see PERIODONTAL INDEX ID#: D006472Oral Manifestations
Definition: Disorders of the mouth attendant upon non-oral disease or injury. Annotation: not used for indexing since 1989; prior to 1989 used for oral manifest of non-oral diseases ID#: D009912Oral Submucous Fibrosis
Definition: Annotation: ID#: D009914Oral Ulcer
Definition: A loss of mucous substance of the mouth showing local excavation of the surface, resulting from the sloughing of inflammatory necrotic tissue. It is the result of a variety of causes, e.g., denture irritation, aphthous stomatitis (STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS); NOMA; necrotizing gingivitis (GINGIVITIS, NECROTIZING, ULCERATIVE); TOOTHBRUSHING; and various irritants. (From Jablonski, Dictionary of Dentistry, 1992, p842) Annotation: coord IM with cause (IM) if pertinent; not a synonym for STOMATITIS, APHTHOUS ID#: D019226Orbital Diseases
Definition: Diseases of the bony orbit and contents except the eyeball. Annotation: dis of bony cavity & its contents except eyeball ( = EYE DISEASES or specifics) ID#: D009916Orbital Fractures
Definition: Fractures of the bones in the orbit, which include parts of the frontal, ethmoidal, lacrimal, and sphenoid bones and the maxilla and zygoma. Annotation: ZYGOMATIC FRACTURES & MAXILLARY FRACTURES are also available ID#: D009917Orbital Neoplasms
Definition: Neoplasms of the bony orbit and contents except the eyeball. Annotation: neopl of bony cavity & its contents except eyeball ( = EYE NEOPLASMS or specifics); /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D009918Orchitis
Definition: Inflammation of a testis. The disease is marked by pain, swelling, and a feeling of weight. It may occur idiopathically, or it may be associated with conditions such as mumps, gonorrhea, filarial disease, syphilis, or tuberculosis. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: inflamm of testis ID#: D009920Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease
Definition: An inherited urea cycle disorder associated with deficiency of the enzyme ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE, transmitted as a sex-linked trait and featuring elevations of amino acids and ammonia in the serum. Clinical features, which are more prominent in males, include seizures, behavioral alterations, episodic vomiting, lethargy, and coma. (Menkes, Textbook of Child Neurology, 5th ed, pp49-50) Annotation: consider also ORNITHINE CARBAMOYLTRANSFERASE /defic ID#: D020163Ornithosis
Definition: Infection with CHLAMYDOPHILA PSITTACI (formerly Chlamydia psittaci), transmitted to man by inhalation of dust-borne contaminated nasal secretions or excreta of infected birds. This infection results in a febrile illness characterized by pneumonitis and systemic manifestations. Annotation: ID#: D009956Oroantral Fistula
Definition: A fistula between the maxillary sinus and the oral cavity. Annotation: fistula policy: Manual 23.19+ ID#: D009957Orofaciodigital Syndromes
Definition: Two syndromes of oral, facial, and digital malformations. Type I (Papillon-Leage and Psaume syndrome, Gorlin-Psaume syndrome) is inherited as an X-linked dominant trait and is found only in females and XXY males. Type II (Mohr syndrome) is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES ID#: D009958Oropharyngeal Neoplasms
Definition: Tumors or cancer of the OROPHARYNX. Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D009959Orthomyxoviridae Infections
Definition: Virus diseases caused by the ORTHOMYXOVIRIDAE. Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics ID#: D009976Ossification of Posterior Longitudinal Ligament
Definition: A calcification of the posterior longitudinal ligament of the spinal column, usually at the level of the cervical spine. It is often associated with anterior ankylosing hyperostosis. Annotation: DF: OPLL ID#: D017887Ossification, Heterotopic
Definition: The development of bony substance in normally soft structures. Annotation: ID#: D009999Osteitis
Definition: Annotation: coord IM with specific bone (IM) ID#: D010000Osteitis Deformans
Definition: A disease marked by repeated episodes of increased bone resorption followed by excessive attempts at repair, resulting in weakened, deformed bones of increased mass. The resultant architecture of the bone assumes a mosaic pattern in which the fibers take on a haphazard pattern instead of the normal parallel symmetry. Annotation: ID#: D010001Osteitis Fibrosa Cystica
Definition: A fibrous degeneration, cyst formation, and the presence of fibrous nodules in bone, usually due to HYPERPARATHYROIDISM. Annotation: ID#: D010002Osteoarthritis
Definition: A progressive, degenerative joint disease, the most common form of arthritis, especially in older persons. The disease is thought to result not from the aging process but from biochemical changes and biomechanical stresses affecting articular cartilage. In the foreign literature it is often called osteoarthrosis deformans. Annotation: most common form of arthritis ID#: D010003Osteoarthritis, Hip
Definition: Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the hip joint which usually appears in late middle or old age. It is characterized by growth or maturational disturbances in the femoral neck and head, as well as acetabular dysplasia. A dominant symptom is pain on weight-bearing or motion. Annotation: ID#: D015207Osteoarthritis, Knee
Definition: Noninflammatory degenerative disease of the knee joint consisting of three large categories: conditions that block normal synchronous movement, conditions that produce abnormal pathways of motion, and conditions that cause stress concentration resulting in changes to articular cartilage. (Crenshaw, Campbell's Operative Orthopaedics, 8th ed, p2019) Annotation: ID#: D020370Osteoarthropathy, Primary Hypertrophic
Definition: A conditioned chiefly characterized by thickening of the skin of the head and distal extremities, deep folds and furrows of the skin of the forehead, cheeks, and scalp, seborrhea, hyperhidrosis, periostosis of the long bones, digital clubbing, and spadelike enlargement of the hands and feet. It is more prevalent in the male, and is usually first evident during adolescence. It is believed to be inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: OSTEOARTHROPATHY, SECONDARY HYPERTROPHIC is also available ID#: D010004Osteoarthropathy, Secondary Hypertrophic
Definition: Symmetrical osteitis of the four limbs, chiefly localized to the phalanges and the terminal epiphyses of the long bones of the forearm and leg, sometimes extending to the proximal ends of the limbs and the flat bones, and accompanied by dorsal kyphosis and joint involvement. It is often secondary to chronic conditions of the lungs and heart. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: OSTEOARTHROPATHY, PRIMARY HYPERTROPHIC is also available ID#: D010005Osteoblastoma
Definition: A benign, painful, tumor of bone characterized by the formation of osteoid tissue, primitive bone and calcified tissue. It occurs frequently in the spine of young persons. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed) Annotation: /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) or specific precoord bone/neopl term (IM) or specific bone (IM) + BONE NEOPLASMS (IM); osteoblastoclastoma = OSTEOBLASTOMA (IM) + GIANT CELL TUMOR OF BONE (IM) + precoord organ/neopl term (IM) ID#: D018215Osteochondritis
Definition: Annotation: ID#: D010007Osteochondritis Dissecans
Definition: A type of osteochondritis in which articular cartilage and associated bone becomes partially or totally detached to form joint loose bodies. Affects mainly the knee, ankle, and elbow joints. Annotation: ID#: D010008Osteochondrodysplasias
Definition: Abnormal development of cartilage and bone. Annotation: abnorm develop of cartilage & bone ID#: D010009Osteochondroma
Definition: A cartilage-capped benign tumor that often appears as a stalk on the surface of bone. It is probably a developmental malformation rather than a true neoplasm and is usually found in the metaphysis of the distal femur, proximal tibia, or proximal humerus. Osteochondroma is the most common of benign bone tumors. Annotation: solitary; note OSTEOCHONDROMAS, MULTIPLE see EXOSTOSES, MULTIPLE HEREDITARY; /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) or specific precoord bone/neopl term (IM) or specific bone (IM) + BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) ID#: D015831Osteochondromatosis
Definition: A condition marked by the presence of multiple osteochondromas. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: multiple; solitary = OSTEOCHONDROMA; do not use /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct; coord IM with precoord organ/neopl term (IM) ID#: D018216Osteogenesis Imperfecta
Definition: Autosomal dominant COLLAGEN DISEASES resulting from defective biosynthesis of COLLAGEN TYPE I and characterized by brittle, osteoporotic, and easily fractured bones. It may also present with blue sclerae, loose joints, and imperfect dentin formation. There are four major types, I-IV. Annotation: ID#: D010013Osteolysis, Essential
Definition: Syndromes of bone destruction where the cause is not obvious such as neoplasia, infection, or trauma. The destruction follows various patterns: massive (Gorham disease), multicentric (Hajdu-Cheney syndrome, Winchester syndrome), or carpal/tarsal. Annotation: "cryptogenic osteolysis" & "disappearing bone" go here ID#: D010015Osteoma
Definition: A benign tumor composed of bone tissue or a hard tumor of bonelike structure developing on a bone (homoplastic osteoma) or on other structures (heteroplastic osteoma). (From Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) or specific precoord bone/neopl term (IM) or specific bone (IM) + BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) ID#: D010016Osteoma, Osteoid
Definition: Benign circumscribed tumor of spongy bone occurring especially in the bones of the extremities and vertebrae, most often in young persons. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) or specific precoord bone/neopl term (IM) or specific bone (IM) + BONE NEOPLASMS (IM); do not confuse with OSTEOMA, GIANT OSTEOID see OSTEOBLASTOMA ID#: D010017Osteomalacia
Definition: A condition marked by softening of the bones (due to impaired mineralization, with excess accumulation of osteoid), with pain, tenderness, muscular weakness, anorexia, and loss of weight, resulting from deficiency of vitamin D and calcium. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: softening of bones; manifest of calcium & vitamin D defic ID#: D010018Osteomyelitis
Definition: Annotation: ID#: D010019Osteonecrosis
Definition: Death of a bone or part of a bone, either atraumatic or posttraumatic. Annotation: OSTEORADIONECROSIS & FEMUR HEAD NECROSIS are available ID#: D010020Osteopetrosis
Definition: Excessive formation of dense trabecular bone leading to pathological fractures, OSTEITIS, SPLENOMEGALY with infarct, ANEMIA, and extramedullary hemopoiesis (HEMATOPOIESIS, EXTRAMEDULLARY). Annotation: do not confuse with OSTEOPOROSIS ID#: D010022Osteopoikilosis
Definition: An asymptomatic, autosomal dominant trait in which pea-sized sclerotic spots, prominent in the metaphyseal area, are accompanied by unique cutaneous lesions. These are yellowish papules or plaques with increased elastin content. (From Cecil Textbook of Medicine, 19th ed, pp1434-35) Annotation: a form of osteosclerosis ID#: D010023Osteoporosis
Definition: Reduction of bone mass without alteration in the composition of bone, leading to fractures. Primary osteoporosis can be of two major types: postmenopausal osteoporosis (OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL) and age-related or senile osteoporosis. Annotation: related to aging: note X refs; age-related osteoporosis in men goes here; age-related osteoporosis in women is probably OSTEOPOROSIS, POSTMENOPAUSAL ID#: D010024Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal
Definition: Metabolic disorder associated with fractures of the femoral neck, vertebrae, and distal forearm. It occurs commonly in women within 15-20 years after menopause, and is caused by factors associated with menopause including estrogen deficiency. Annotation: in females; don't forget also check tags HUMAN + FEMALE; corresponding age-related osteoporosis in men goes under OSTEOPOROSIS ID#: D015663Osteoradionecrosis
Definition: Necrosis of bone following radiation injury. Annotation: bone necrosis after radiation inj; coord IM with bone/dis (IM), not organ /inj ID#: D010025Osteosarcoma
Definition: A sarcoma originating in bone-forming cells, affecting the ends of long bones. It is the most common and most malignant of sarcomas of the bones, and occurs chiefly among 10- to 25-year-old youths. (From Stedman, 25th ed) Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) or specific precoord bone/neopl term (IM) or specific bone (IM) + BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) ID#: D012516Osteosarcoma, Juxtacortical
Definition: A form of osteogenic sarcoma of relatively low malignancy, probably arising from the periosteum and initially involving cortical bone and adjacent connective tissue. It occurs in middle-aged as well as young adults and most commonly affects the lower part of the femoral shaft. (Stedman, 25th ed) Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) or specific precoord bone/neopl term (IM) or specific bone (IM) + BONE NEOPLASMS (IM) ID#: D018217Osteosclerosis
Definition: An abnormal hardening or increased density of bone tissue. Annotation: ID#: D010026Ostertagiasis
Definition: A disease of herbivorous mammals, particularly cattle and sheep, caused by stomach worms of the genus OSTERTAGIA. Annotation: roundworm infect ID#: D010029Otitis
Definition: Inflammation of the ear, which may be marked by pain, fever, abnormalities of hearing, hearing loss, tinnitus, and vertigo. Inflammation of the external ear is OTITIS EXTERNA; of the middle ear, OTITIS MEDIA; of the inner ear, LABYRINTHITIS. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: inflamm of the ear unspecified as to external, middle or internal; prefer specifics ID#: D010031Otitis Externa
Definition: Inflammation of the external auditory canal. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: inflamm of external ear ID#: D010032Otitis Media
Definition: Inflammation of the middle ear. Annotation: inflamm of middle ear; GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; nonsuppurative otitis media: index under OTITIS MEDIA WITH EFFUSION ID#: D010033Otitis Media with Effusion
Definition: Inflammation of the middle ear with a clear pale yellow-colored transudate. Annotation: nonsuppurative otitis media ID#: D010034Otitis Media, Suppurative
Definition: Inflammation of the middle ear with purulent discharge. Annotation: suppurative refers to purulent discharge ID#: D010035Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases
Definition: General or unspecified diseases of the ear, nose, and throat. Annotation: GEN: prefer specific precoord; DF: ORL DIS ID#: D010038Otorhinolaryngologic Neoplasms
Definition: The general concept of ORL neoplasms or those for which no specific heading exists. Annotation: GEN: prefer specific precoord; /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM); DF: ORL NEOPL ID#: D010039Otosclerosis
Definition: The formation of spongy bone in the labyrinth capsule. The ossicles can become fixed and unable to transmit sound vibrations, thereby causing deafness. Annotation: ID#: D010040Ovarian Cysts
Definition: General term for cysts and cystic diseases of the ovary. Annotation: non-neoplastic; /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; polycystic ovarian disease, sclerocystic ovaries, sclerocystic ovarian degeneration & sclerocystic ovary syndrome = POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME ID#: D010048Ovarian Diseases
Definition: Annotation: inflamm dis = OOPHORITIS; sclerocystic ovarian degeneration & sclerocystic ovary syndrome = POLYCYSTIC OVARY SYNDROME ID#: D010049Ovarian Failure, Premature
Definition: Premature failure of ovulation associated with hypergonadotropinism and hypoestrogenism in women under the age of 40. The etiology appears to be multifactorial and many cases are idiopathic. When follicles are present but the ovaries are unable to respond to gonadotropins, resistant ovary syndrome results and this may be associated with autoimmune disease. Even when there is a loss of ovarian follicles, it is not always complete. Permanent and irreversible loss of follicles is termed premature menopause (MENOPAUSE, PREMATURE). Annotation: in women under 40; see MeSH definition ID#: D016649Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome
Definition: Syndrome composed of a combination of ovarian enlargement and an acute fluid shift out of the intravascular space. The enlargement is caused by ovarian cyst formation and the fluid shift may result in ascites, hydrothorax, or generalized edema. The syndrome is most usually seen as a complication of ovulation induction, a treatment for infertility. Annotation: an enlarged ovary syndrome ID#: D016471Ovarian Neoplasms
Definition: Tumors or cancer of the OVARY. Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D010051Overdose
Definition: An accidental or deliberate dose of a medication or street drug that is in excess of what is normally used. Annotation: note category: accidental or deliberate overdose; almost never IM & seldom with qualif; coord NIM with specific substance /adv eff-pois-tox (IM) ID#: D015537Oxyuriasis
Definition: Infection with nematodes of the superfamily OXYUROIDEA. Annotation: nematode infect caused by genera of the superfamily OXYUROIDEA; infect by Oxyuris species goes here but note X ref OXYURIS VERMICULARIS INFECTION see ENTEROBIASIS ID#: D010123Oxyurida Infections
Definition: Infections with nematodes of the order OXYURIDA. Annotation: nematode infect ID#: D017194