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Index of Diseases
I
Iatrogenic Disease
Definition: Any adverse condition in a patient occurring as the result of treatment by a physician, surgeon, or other health professional, especially infections acquired by the patient during the course of treatment. Annotation: IM for general or as coord with specific iatrogenic dis; article must discuss dis as iatrogenic: do not routinely index adv eff of drugs or procedures as iatrogenic ID#: D007049Ichthyosiform Erythroderma, Congenital
Definition: Designation for several severe forms of ichthyosis, present at birth, that are characterized by hyperkeratotic scaling. Infants may be born encased in a collodion membrane which begins shedding within 24 hours. This is followed in about two weeks by persistent generalized scaling. The forms include bullous (HYPERKERATOSIS, EPIDERMOLYTIC), non-bullous (ICHTHYOSIS, LAMELLAR), wet type, and dry type. Annotation: an ichthyosis rather than an erythroderma; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES ID#: D016113Ichthyosis
Definition: Any of several generalized skin disorders characterized by dryness, roughness, and scaliness, due to hypertrophy of the stratum corneum epidermis. Most are genetic, but some are acquired, developing in association with other systemic disease or genetic syndrome. Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; unspecified dryness of skin is indexed under SKIN DISEASES, not here ID#: D007057Ichthyosis Vulgaris
Definition: Most common form of ICHTHYOSIS characterized by prominent scaling especially on the exterior surfaces of the extremities. It is inherited as an autosomal dominant trait. Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES ID#: D016112Ichthyosis, Lamellar
Definition: A chronic, congenital ichthyosis inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Infants are usually born encased in a collodion membrane which sheds within a few weeks. Scaling is generalized and marked with grayish-brown quadrilateral scales, adherent at their centers and free at the edges. In some cases, scales are so thick that they resemble armored plate. Annotation: do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES ID#: D017490Ichthyosis, X-Linked
Definition: Chronic form of ichthyosis that is inherited as a sex-linked recessive trait carried on the X-chromosome and transmitted to the male offspring. It is characterized by severe scaling, especially on the extremities, and is associated with steroid sulfatase deficiency. Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES ID#: D016114IgA Deficiency
Definition: A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by a deficiency of IMMUNOGLOBULIN A. Annotation: DF: IGA DEFIC ID#: D017098IgG Deficiency
Definition: A dysgammaglobulinemia characterized by a deficiency of IMMUNOGLOBULIN G. Annotation: DF: IGG DEFIC ID#: D017099Ileal Diseases
Definition: Diseases of the ileum including the ileocecal valve. Annotation: inflamm dis = ILEITIS ID#: D007077Ileal Neoplasms
Definition: Neoplasms of the ileum including the ileocecal valve. Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D007078Ileitis
Definition: Annotation: ID#: D007079Iliac Aneurysm
Definition: An aneurysm of the common, internal, or external iliac arteries. Annotation: aneurysm of an iliac artery; dissecting aneurysm: coord IM with ANEURYSM, DISSECTING (IM); rupture: coord with ANEURYSM, RUPTURED (IM) or if spontaneous, with RUPTURE, SPONTANEOUS (NIM) ID#: D017543Immersion Foot
Definition: A condition of the feet produced by prolonged exposure of the feet to water. Exposure for 48 hours or more to warm water causes tropical immersion foot or warm-water immersion foot common in Vietnam where troops were exposed to prolonged or repeated wading in paddy fields or streams. Trench foot results from prolonged exposure to cold, without actual freezing. It was common in trench warfare during World War I, when soldiers stood, sometimes for hours, in trenches with a few inches of cold water in them. (Andrews' Diseases of the Skin, 8th ed, p27) Annotation: ID#: D007102Immune Complex Diseases
Definition: Group of diseases mediated by the deposition of large soluble complexes of antigen and antibody with resultant damage to tissue. Besides SERUM SICKNESS and the ARTHUS REACTION, evidence supports a pathogenic role for immune complexes in many other systemic immunologic diseases including GLOMERULONEPHRITIS, systemic lupus erythematosus (LUPUS ERYTHEMATOSUS, SYSTEMIC) and POLYARTERITIS NODOSA. Annotation: dis caused by deposition of antigen-antibody complexes with resultant damage to tissue; "immune complex" = IMMUNE COMPLEX see ANTIGEN-ANTIBODY COMPLEX ID#: D007105Immunoblastic Lymphadenopathy
Definition: A disorder characterized by proliferation of arborizing small vessels, prominent immunoblastic proliferations and amorphous acidophilic interstitial material. Clinical manifestations include fever, sweats, weight loss, generalized lymphadenopathy and frequently hepatosplenomegaly. Annotation: ID#: D007119Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes
Definition: Syndromes in which there is a deficiency or defect in the mechanisms of immunity, either cellular or humoral. Annotation: GEN or unspecified; for defic of specific immunoprotein, IMMUNOGLOBULINS or specific immunoglobulin, use specific with /defic; TN 223: definition & use; TN 225: differentiation from immunoglobulin defic; Manual 23.25.2; DF: IMMUNOL DEFIC SYNDROMES ID#: D007153Immunologic Diseases
Definition: Disorders caused by abnormal or absent immunologic mechanisms, whether humoral, cell-mediated or both. Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics ID#: D007154Immunoproliferative Disorders
Definition: Disorders characterized by abnormal proliferation of primary cells of the immune system or by excessive production of immunoglobulins. Annotation: GEN or unspecified: prefer specifics ID#: D007160Immunoproliferative Small Intestinal Disease
Definition: A spectrum of conditions ranging from a benign plasma cell hyperplasia to a highly malignant lymphoma of the small intestine. Annotation: do not use /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct ID#: D007161Impetigo
Definition: A common superficial bacterial infection caused by STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS or group A beta-hemolytic streptococci. Characteristics include pustular lesions that rupture and discharge a thin, amber-colored fluid that dries and forms a crust. This condition is commonly located on the face, especially about the mouth and nose. Annotation: a staph or strep infect of the skin ID#: D007169Impotence, Vasculogenic
Definition: Impotence caused by a diminution of blood flow to the penis. Arteries involved can be the terminal aorta, hypogastric, pudendal, penile, and cavernous arteries. Ectopic drainage of the corpora cavernosa via large superficial dorsal veins or abnormally large cavernous and crural veins can cause venogenic impotence. (From Walsh, et al., Campbell's Urology, 6th ed, p720). The expression "venous leakage" is seen often in international literature. Leakage refers to the failure of the blood to reach the penile erectile tissues. Annotation: do not coord with PENIS /blood supply + specific artery or vein unless the vasc heading is particularly discussed (probably NIM) ID#: D018783Inappropriate ADH Syndrome
Definition: Hyponatremia and renal salt loss attributed to overexpansion of body fluids resulting from sustained release of VASOPRESSINS (i.e., antiduretic hormone) despite the absence of appropriate stimuli. Associated conditions include medication effect; MENINGITIS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ENCEPHALITIS; CEREBROVASCULAR DISORDERS; HYDROCEPHALUS; PNEUMONIA; ASTHMA; THYROID DISEASES; and other conditions. This condition may also be idiopathic or result from ectopic (extra-pituitary) production of ADH. (From Joynt, Clinical Neurology, 1992, Ch36, pp59-62) Annotation: ID#: D007177Incontinentia Pigmenti
Definition: A genodermatosis occurring mostly in females and characterized by skin changes in three phases - vesiculobullous, verrucous papillomatous, and macular melanodermic. Hyperpigmentation is bizarre and irregular. Sixty percent of patients have abnormalities of eyes, teeth, central nervous system, and skin appendages. Annotation: multiple skin & other abnorm; do not confuse with INCONTINENTIA PIGMENTI ACHROMIANS see PIGMENTATION DISORDERS ID#: D007184Inert Gas Narcosis
Definition: Progressive mental disturbances and unconsciousness due to breathing mixtures of oxygen and inert gases (argon, helium, xenon, krypton, and atmospheric nitrogen) at high pressure. Annotation: IM; specify gas (IM) ID#: D007222Infant Nutrition Disorders
Definition: Malnutrition, occurring in infants ages 1 month to 24 months, which is due to insufficient intake of food, dietary nutrients, or a pathophysiologic condition which prevents the absorption and utilization of food. Growth and development are markedly affected. Annotation: check the tag INFANT ID#: D007228Infant, Newborn, Diseases
Definition: Diseases of newborn infants present at birth (congenital) or developing within the first month of birth. It does not include hereditary diseases not manifesting at birth or within the first 30 days of life nor does it include inborn errors of metabolism. Both HEREDITARY DISEASES and METABOLISM, INBORN ERRORS are available as general concepts. Annotation: IM GEN only; for specific dis in newborn inf use specific dis (IM) + check tag INFANT, NEWBORN; do not use /compl /congen; check the tag INFANT, NEWBORN: Manual 18.5.10; relation to /congen: Manual 19.8.18, 23.21+; TN 109: relation to other Cat C16 terms ID#: D007232Infant, Premature, Diseases
Definition: Annotation: IM; do not use /compl /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; check the tag INFANT, NEWBORN: Manual 23.21.4 ID#: D007235Infarction
Definition: A pathological process consisting of a sudden insufficient blood supply to an area, which results in necrosis of that area. It is usually caused by a thrombus, an embolus, or a vascular torsion. Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specific see relateds; IM; coord with organ /blood supply (IM): Manual 23.14.2; DF: INFARCT ID#: D007238Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery
Definition: An infarction in the vascular distribution of the anterior cerebral artery which supplies the majority of the medial surface of the cerebral hemispheres, and provides branches (including Heubner's artery) to the anterior limb of the internal capsule, head of the CAUDATE NUCLEUS, and anterior GLOBUS PALLIDUS. Clinical manifestations may include contralateral lower extremity weakness and sensory loss. Bilateral anterior cerebral artery infarctions are associated with abulia, PARAPLEGIA, and URINARY INCONTINENCE. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp789-93) Annotation: DF: ACA INFARCT ID#: D020243Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery
Definition: The formation of an area of coagulation necrosis in the vascular distribution of the middle cerebral artery secondary to ISCHEMIA. Clinical features include contralateral weakness and loss of sensation in the arm and face and a contralateral homonymous hemianopsia. Dominant hemisphere lesions may produce APHASIA, alexia, AGRAPHIA, acalculia, finger agnosia, and right-left confusion. Nondominant hemisphere lesions may produce unilateral neglect, dressing APRAXIA, anosognosia, and constructional apraxia. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p786) Annotation: ID#: D020244Infarction, Posterior Cerebral Artery
Definition: Formation of an area of coagulation necrosis induced by ischemia in the vascular distribution of the posterior cerebral artery. This artery supplies portions of the MESENCEPHALON (see also BRAIN STEM INFARCTIONS) and thalamus, inferomedial TEMPORAL LOBE, and medial OCCIPITAL LOBE. Clinical manifestations vary with the size and location of infarction, but include a variety of midbrain and thalamic syndromes, HEMIANOPSIA, and behavioral syndromes related to memory and processing visual information. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp793-8) Annotation: DF: PCA INFARCT ID#: D020762Infection
Definition: Invasion and multiplication of microorganisms in body tissues, which may be clinically inapparent or result in local cellular injury. A local infection may persist and spread by extension to become an acute, subacute, or chronic clinical infection or disease state. It may also become systemic when the microorganisms gain access to the lymphatic or vascular system. (From Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: GEN only as concept of dis caused by organisms; many texts saying "infection" & many saying "sepsis" mean BACTERIAL INFECTIONS: check text but note that SEPSIS is available; "infectious disease" can be INFECTION but is more likely COMMUNICABLE DISEASES; policy: Manual 22.12-.19, 23.12+; relation to organisms: Manual 22.11-.19 & TN 209; /drug ther: consider also ANTI-INFECTIVE AGENTS & its specific groups; /prev = INFECTION CONTROL but see note there ID#: D007239Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis
Definition: A herpesvirus infection of cattle characterized by inflammation and necrosis of the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract. Annotation: caused by a herpesvirus; don't forget also CATTLE (NIM) & check tag ANIMAL; DF: INFECT BOVINE RHINOTRACHEITIS ID#: D007241Infectious Mononucleosis
Definition: A common, acute infection usually caused by the Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN). There is an increase in mononuclear white blood cells and other atypical lymphocytes, generalized lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, and occasionally hepatomegaly with hepatitis. Annotation: if not caused by EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) coord IM with specific infection (IM) ID#: D007244Infertility
Definition: The diminished or absent ability to conceive or produce an offspring while sterility is the complete inability to conceive or produce an offspring. Annotation: GEN or unspecified as male or female; prefer the specifics ID#: D007246Infertility, Female
Definition: Diminished or absent ability of a female to achieve conception. Annotation: /chem ind permitted but not for testing of contraceptives ID#: D007247Infertility, Male
Definition: Diminished or absent ability of the male to effect conception. Annotation: /chem ind permitted but not for testing of contraceptives ID#: D007248Inflammation
Definition: A pathological process characterized by injury or destruction of tissues caused by a variety of cytologic and chemical reactions. It is usually manifested by typical signs of pain, heat, redness, swelling, and loss of function. Annotation: IM general inflammatory process; look for specific inflamm dis in MeSH as -ITIS; NIM as coord for organ /dis not in MeSH as -ITIS; /drug ther: consider also ANTI-INFLAMMATORY AGENTS & its specifics; ACUTE PHASE REACTION (an early local inflammatory reaction to inj: see MeSH definition) is available; Manual 23.13+; DF: INFLAMM ID#: D007249Inflammatory Bowel Diseases
Definition: Chronic, non-specific disorders of unknown etiology. Includes Crohn disease and ulcerative colitis. Extracolonic manifestations are often associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) and involve the liver, joints and skin. Annotation: "chronic non-specific disord of unknown etiol"; CROHN DISEASE & COLITIS, ULCERATIVE are also available; DF: INFLAMM BOWEL DIS ID#: D015212Influenza
Definition: An acute viral infection involving the respiratory tract. It is marked by inflammation of the nasal mucosa, the pharynx, and conjunctiva, and by headache and severe, often generalized, myalgia. Annotation: caused by an orthomyxovirus; coord IM with specific orthomyxovirus (IM) ID#: D007251Infratentorial Neoplasms
Definition: Intracranial tumors originating in the region of the brain inferior to the tentorium cerebelli, which contains the cerebellum, fourth ventricle, cerebellopontine angle, brain stem, and related structures. Primary tumors of this region are more frequent in children, and may present with ATAXIA; CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES; vomiting; HEADACHE; HYDROCEPHALUS; or other signs of neurologic dysfunction. Relatively frequent histologic subtypes include TERATOMA; MEDULLOBLASTOMA; GLIOBLASTOMA; ASTROCYTOMA; EPENDYMOMA; CRANIOPHARYNGIOMA; and choroid plexus papilloma (PAPILLOMA, CHOROID PLEXUS). Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D015192Insect Bites and Stings
Definition: Bites and stings inflicted by insects. Annotation: coord IM with specific insect (IM); DF: INSECT BITES ID#: D007299Insulin Coma
Definition: Annotation: caused by excess exogenous insulin ID#: D007331Insulinoma
Definition: A tumor of the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans. Although usually benign, such tumors are among the most important causes of hypoglycemia. Insulinomas usually occur in patients between the ages of 20 and 75 years, the average age being 44-46. Women are 60% of the patients in most series. (Dorland, 27th ed; DeVita Jr et al., Cancer: Principles & Practice of Oncology, 3d ed, p1324) Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with PANCREATIC NEOPLASMS (IM) ID#: D007340Intermittent Claudication
Definition: A symptom complex characterized by leg pain and weakness brought on by walking, with the disappearance of the symptoms following a brief rest. Annotation: intermittent leg pain caused by walking ID#: D007383Intertrigo
Definition: A superficial dermatitis occurring on skin surfaces in contact with each other, such as the axillae, neck creases, intergluteal fold, between the toes, etc. Obesity is a predisposing factor. The condition is caused by moisture and friction and is characterized by erythema, maceration, burning, and exudation. Annotation: a dermatitis of skin folds ID#: D007402Intervertebral Disk Displacement
Definition: An intervertebral disk in which the nucleus pulposus has protruded through surrounding fibrocartilage. This occurs most frequently in the lower lumbar region. Annotation: = herniation or prolapse; coord IM with specific vertebrae (IM); ther by chemonucleolysis = INTERVERTEBRAL DISK CHEMOLYSIS: see note there ID#: D007405Intestinal Atresia
Definition: Congenital obliteration of the lumen of the intestine, with the ileum involved in 50% of the cases and the jejunum and duodenum following in frequency. It is the most frequent cause of intestinal obstruction in the newborn infant. Its etiology may be related to failure of recanalization during early development or to some impairment of blood supply during intrauterine life. (From Stedman, 25th ed) Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; coord IM with specific intestine /abnorm except for duodenum: index duodenal atresia as DUODENAL OBSTRUCTION /congen (IM) + INTESTINAL ATRESIA (IM) ID#: D007409Intestinal Diseases
Definition: Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; inflamm dis: GEN or unspecified inflamm dis is likely to be INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE; for specific, prefer -ITIS terms in Cat C6; gas cysts = PNEUMATOSIS CYSTOIDES INTESTINALIS ID#: D007410Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic
Definition: Infections of the intestines with a parasite. They are caused most commonly by intestinal nematodes (roundworms) and cestodes (tapeworms). (From Merck Manual, 15th ed; Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: coord with specific parasitic dis (IM) + specific intestine or precoord intestinal dis (IM) ID#: D007411Intestinal Fistula
Definition: Abnormal passage communicating with the intestines. Annotation: fistula policy: Manual 23.19+; RECTAL FISTULA & RECTOVAGINAL FISTULA are also available ID#: D007412Intestinal Neoplasms
Definition: Tumors or cancer of the INTESTINES. Annotation: GEN: prefer specific precoord; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D007414Intestinal Obstruction
Definition: Any impairment, arrest, or reversal of the normal flow of intestinal contents toward the anus. Annotation: coord IM with specific precoord intestinal dis (IM); note X ref ILEUS but consider also PARALYTIC ILEUS see INTESTINAL PSEUDO-OBSTRUCTION ID#: D007415Intestinal Perforation
Definition: Annotation: caused by dis or inj; coord IM with specific intestine (IM) or specific precoord intestinal dis (IM); intestinal rupture does not go here: index with INTESTINES /inj or specific intestine /inj (IM) + RUPTURE (NIM) or specific intestine (IM) or specific precoord intestinal dis (IM) + RUPTURE, SPONTANEOUS (NIM) ID#: D007416Intestinal Polyps
Definition: Pedunculated or sessile growths arising from the intestinal mucosa and extending into the lumen. The disease includes intestinal polyposis. Annotation: neoplastic; /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with organ/neopl, not organ/dis (IM); familial: consider also ADENOMATOUS POLYPOSIS COLI, a colonic neopl dis ID#: D007417Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction
Definition: Obstruction of the intestines that is functional, not mechanical. Annotation: coord IM with specific precoord intestinal dis (IM) ID#: D007418Intracranial Aneurysm
Definition: Congenital or acquired abnormal outpouching of an intracranial blood vessel wall. Saccular (berry) aneurysms are the most common variant, and tend to form at arterial branch points near the base of the brain. Rupture results in SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE or INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Giant aneurysms (>2.5 cm in diameter) may compress adjacent structures, including the OCULOMOTOR NERVE (see also OCULOMOTOR NERVE DISEASES). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p841) Annotation: ID#: D002532Intracranial Arterial Diseases
Definition: Conditions which affect the arteries of the brain, meninges, and intracranial portions of the cranial nerves. Relatively common disease processes in this category include: ATHEROSCLEROSIS; emboli; thrombosis (INTRACRANIAL EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS); VASCULITIS, CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM; CEREBROVASCULAR TRAUMA; vasospasm (VASOSPASM, INTRACRANIAL); INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOVENOUS MALFORMATIONS; and infections. Annotation: ID#: D020765Intracranial Arteriosclerosis
Definition: Vascular diseases characterized by thickening, hardening, and remodeling of the walls of intracranial arteries. There are three subtypes: (1) atherosclerosis, marked by fatty depositions in the innermost layer of the arterial walls, (2) Monckeberg's sclerosis, which features calcium deposition in the media and (3) arteriolosclerosis, which refers to sclerosis of small caliber arteries. Clinically, this process may be associated with ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT; BRAIN INFARCTION; INTRACRANIAL EMBOLISM AND THROMBOSIS; or INTRACRANIAL ANEURYSM. Annotation: ID#: D002537Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations
Definition: Congenital vascular anomalies of the brain characterized by tangles of thin walled arteries which communicate directly with veins without intervening capillaries. The malformations vary greatly in size and location, and produce symptoms through rupture (see also INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES), mass effect, and vascular steal effect. Clinical presentation is often delayed until the fourth or fifth decade when affected individuals may develop headaches, seizures, and focal neurologic deficits. Large hemorrhages may result in coma or death. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p848) Annotation: congen cerebral arteriovenous fistula: coord IM with ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULA/congen(IM); DF: INTRACRANIAL AVM ID#: D002538Intracranial Embolism
Definition: Migration of foreign material to the intracranial components of the nervous system via arterial pathways. Emboli most frequently are of cardiac origin and are associated with ARRHYTHMIA; mural thrombi; ENDOCARDITIS, SUBACUTE BACTERIAL; HEART VALVE DISEASES; and HEART SEPTAL DEFECTS. Noncardiac sources include lesions of the aorta, carotid arteries, vertebral arteries, and intracranial arteries. Emboli may be composed of thrombosed platelets, atherosclerotic debris, fat, air, tumor cells, or infectious materials, and may cause CEREBRAL INFARCTION. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp824-6) Annotation: ID#: D020766Intracranial Embolism and Thrombosis
Definition: Embolism or thrombosis involving blood vessels which supply intracranial structures. Emboli may originate from extracranial or intracranial sources. Thrombosis may occur in arterial or venous structures. Annotation: Not used for indexing or cataloging. ID#: D002542Intracranial Hemorrhage, Hypertensive
Definition: Bleeding within the brain or adjacent structures which results from systemic HYPERTENSION, usually in association with INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS. Hypertensive hemorrhages are most frequent in the BASAL GANGLIA; CEREBELLUM; PONS; and THALAMUS; but may also involve the CEREBRAL CORTEX, subcortical white matter, and other brain structures. Annotation: ID#: D020299Intracranial Hemorrhage, Traumatic
Definition: Bleeding within the cranial vault induced by penetrating and nonpenetrating traumatic injuries, including hemorrhages into the epidural, subdural and subarachnoid spaces, cerebral hemispheres, DIENCEPHALON; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM. Annotation: BRAIN HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC and specifics are available ID#: D020198Intracranial Hemorrhages
Definition: Bleeding within the intracranial cavity, including hemorrhages in the brain and within the cranial epidural, subdural, and subarachnoid spaces. Annotation: ID#: D020300Intracranial Hypertension
Definition: Increased pressure within the cranial vault. This may result from several conditions, including HYDROCEPHALUS; BRAIN EDEMA; intracranial masses; severe systemic HYPERTENSION; PSEUDOTUMOR CEREBRI; and other disorders. Annotation: do not confuse with INTRACRANIAL HYPOTENSION; coord IM with disease /physiopathol (IM) causing or caused by intracranial hypertension ID#: D019586Intracranial Hypotension
Definition: Reduction of CEREBROSPINAL FLUID pressure characterized clinically by HEADACHE which is maximal in an upright posture and occasionally by an abducens nerve palsy (see ABDUCENS NERVE DISEASES), neck stiffness, hearing loss (see DEAFNESS), NAUSEA, and other symptoms. This condition may be spontaneous or secondary to SPINAL PUNCTURE; NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES; DEHYDRATION; UREMIA; trauma (see also CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA); and other processes. Chronic hypotension may be associated with subdural hematomas (see HEMATOMA, SUBDURAL) or hygromas. (From Semin Neurol 1996 Mar;16(1):5-10; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp637-8) Annotation: do not confuse with INTRACRANIAL HYPERTENSION; coord IM with disease /physiopathol (IM) causing or caused by intracranial hypotension ID#: D019585Intracranial Thrombosis
Definition: Formation of a clot composed of platelets and fibrin within the lumen of an intracranial artery or vein, which may result in CEREBRAL INFARCTION. Arterial thrombosis is associated with INTRACRANIAL ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, but may also result from hypercoagulability states (see THROMBOPHILIA). Cerebral vein thrombosis is frequently complicated by INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES. Annotation: ID#: D020767Intraoperative Complications
Definition: Complications that affect patients during surgery. They may or may not be associated with the disease for which the surgery is done, or within the same surgical procedure. Annotation: few qualif apply; IM; coord with Cat E4 term (IM) if pertinent with or without /adv eff depending on its relation to the intraop compl: for policy apply principles of POSTOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS, Manual 23.18+; for iatrogenic compl (as X ref SURGICAL INJURIES) or other: TN 179; DF: INTRAOP COMPL ID#: D007431Intussusception
Definition: The prolapse of one part of the intestine into the lumen of an immediately adjoining part. There are four varieties: colic, involving segments of the large intestine; enteric, involving only the small intestine; ileocecal, in which the ileocecal valve prolapses into the cecum, drawing the ileum along with it; and ileocolic, in which the ileum prolapses through the ileocecal valve into the colon. (Dorland, 27th ed) Annotation: a form of intestinal obstruction; coord IM with specific precoord intestinal dis term; ileocolic intussusception = ILEAL DISEASES (IM) + INTUSSUSCEPTION (IM) but not also COLONIC DISEASES; ileocecal intussusception = ILEOCECAL VALVE (IM) + INTUSSUSCEPTION (IM) + ILEAL DISEASES (NIM) but not also CECAL DISEASES; cecocolic intussusception = CECAL DISEASES (IM) + INTUSSUSCEPTION (IM) but not also COLONIC DISEASES ID#: D007443Iridocyclitis
Definition: Acute or chronic inflammation of the iris and ciliary body characterized by exudates into the anterior chamber, discoloration of the iris, and constricted, sluggish pupil. Symptoms include radiating pain, photophobia, lacrimation, and interference with vision. Annotation: a type of anterior uveitis ID#: D015863Iris Diseases
Definition: Diseases, dysfunctions, or disorders of or located in the iris. Annotation: ID#: D007499Iris Neoplasms
Definition: Tumors of the iris characterized by increased pigmentation of melanocytes. Iris nevi are composed of proliferated melanocytes and are associated with neurofibromatosis and malignant melanoma of the choroid and ciliary body. Malignant melanoma of the iris often originates from preexisting nevi. Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM) ID#: D015811Iritis
Definition: Inflammation of the iris characterized by circumcorneal injection, aqueous flare, keratotic precipitates, and constricted and sluggish pupil along with discoloration of the iris. Annotation: a type of anterior uveitis ID#: D007500Iron Metabolism Disorders
Definition: Disorders in the processing of iron in the body: its absorption, transport, storage, and utilization. (From Mosby's Medical, Nursing, & Allied Health Dictionary, 4th ed) Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; DF: IRON METAB DIS ID#: D019189Iron Overload
Definition: An excessive accumulation of iron in the body due to a greater than normal absorption of iron from the gastrointestinal tract or from parenteral injection. This may arise from idiopathic hemochromatosis, excessive iron intake, chronic alcoholism, certain types of refractory anemia, or transfusional hemosiderosis. (From Churchill's Illustrated Medical Dictionary, 1989) Annotation: disord of iron metab ID#: D019190Isaacs Syndrome
Definition: A rare neuromuscular disorder with onset usually in late childhood or early adulthood, characterized by intermittent or continuous widespread involuntary muscle contractions; FASCICULATION; hyporeflexia; MUSCLE CRAMP; MUSCLE WEAKNESS; HYPERHIDROSIS; TACHYCARDIA; and MYOKYMIA. Involvement of pharyngeal or laryngeal muscles may interfere with speech and breathing. The continuous motor activity persists during sleep and general anesthesia (distinguishing this condition from STIFF-PERSON SYNDROME). Familial and acquired (primarily autoimmune) forms have been reported. (From Ann NY Acad Sci 1998 May 13;841:482-496; Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1491) Annotation: ID#: D020386Ischemia
Definition: Blood deficiency in an organ or tissue caused by a constriction or obstruction of its blood vessels. Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics of which MYOCARDIAL ISCHEMIA & BRAIN ISCHEMIA & their specifics are most common; IM; coord with specific organ /blood supply (IM) ID#: D007511Ischemic Attack, Transient
Definition: Brief reversible episodes of focal, nonconvulsive ischemic dysfunction of the brain having a duration of less than 24 hours, and usually less than one hour, caused by transient thrombotic or embolic blood vessel occlusion or stenosis. Events may be classified by arterial distribution, temporal pattern, or etiology (e.g., embolic vs. thrombotic). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp814-6) Annotation: DF: BRAIN TIA ID#: D002546Isosporiasis
Definition: Infection with parasitic protozoa of the genus ISOSPORA, producing intestinal disease. It is caused by ingestion of oocysts and can produce tissue cysts. Annotation: /drug ther: consider also COCCIDIOSTATS ID#: D021865