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Index of Diseases

Instructions. To find the proper medical term, scroll up and down to review the alphabetical listings. Also, you can use the "Page Up" and "Page down" key on your keyboard. Or use the search function of your browser. In both Netscape and Explorer, go to "Edit" and select "Find in Page". Type in the main term of interest. Frequently, it is best to type in only the first 4 or five letters (i.e., "prost" for prostate) because that will find more alternative terms from which to select the proper one.

B

Babesiosis

Definition: A group of tick-borne diseases of mammals including ZOONOSES in humans. They are caused by PROTOZOANS of the genus BABESIA, which parasitize erythrocytes, producing hemolysis. In the U.S., the organism's natural host is mice and transmission is by the deer tick IXODES SCAPULARIS.
Annotation:
ID#: D001404

Bacillaceae Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the family BACILLACEAE.
Annotation: gram-pos bact infect; GEN: avoid; prefer specifics; DF: BACILLACEAE INFECT
ID#: D016863

Back Injuries

Definition: General or unspecified injuries to the posterior part of the trunk. It includes injuries to the muscles of the back.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; coord IM with specific inj (IM) or specific region (NIM); do not confuse with SPINAL INJURIES which refers to vertebrae only: see note there; DF: BACK INJ
ID#: D019567

Back Pain

Definition: Acute or chronic pain located in the posterior regions of the THORAX; LUMBOSACRAL REGION; or the adjacent regions.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; "lombo-sciatique" in French texts is indexed under LOW BACK PAIN (IM) + SCIATICA (IM); for lower back pain or pain in the lumbar region, LOW BACK PAIN is available
ID#: D001416

Bacteremia

Definition: The presence of viable bacteria circulating in the blood. Fever, chills, tachycardia, and tachypnea are common acute manifestations of bacteremia. The majority of cases are seen in already hospitalized patients, most of whom have underlying diseases or procedures which render their bloodstreams susceptible to invasion.
Annotation: coord with specific bact/infect heading or specific bacterium if specific bact infect is not in MeSH (do not use /blood to indicate -emia)
ID#: D016470

Bacterial Infections

Definition: Infections by bacteria, general or unspecified.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; many texts saying "sepsis" mean BACTERIAL INFECTIONS: check text; TN 209: differentiation from presence of bacteria in organs; DF: BACT INFECT
ID#: D001424

Bacterial Infections and Mycoses

Definition: Infections caused by bacteria and fungi, general, specified, or unspecified.
Annotation: not used for indexing; DF: BACT INFECT MYCOSES CATALOG: do not use
ID#: D001423

Bacteriuria

Definition: The presence of bacteria in the urine with or without consequent urinary tract infection. Since BACTERIURIA is a clinical entity, the term does not preclude the use of URINE/microbiology for technical discussions on the isolation and segregation of bacteria in the urine.
Annotation: TN 190: differentiate from URINE /microbiol; coord IM with specific bacterium with probably /isol (IM)
ID#: D001437

Bacteroidaceae Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the family BACTEROIDACEAE.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect; GEN: avoid; prefer specifics; DF: BACTEROIDACEAE INFECT
ID#: D016866

Bacteroides Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the genus BACTEROIDES.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect
ID#: D001442

Balanitis

Definition: Inflammation of the glans penis.
Annotation:
ID#: D001446

Balantidiasis

Definition: Infection by parasitic PROTOZOA of the genus BALANTIDIUM. The presence of Balantidium in the LARGE INTESTINE leads to DIARRHEA; DYSENTERY; and occasionally ULCER.
Annotation:
ID#: D001447

Balkan Nephropathy

Definition: A tubulointerstitial disease of unknown etiology occurring in a limited geographic area including adjacent regions of Romania, Bulgaria, and Yugoslavia.
Annotation: an interstitial nephritis; do not specify geog unless particularly discussed
ID#: D001449

Bardet-Biedl Syndrome

Definition: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by RETINITIS PIGMENTOSA; POLYDACTYLY; OBESITY; MENTAL RETARDATION; hypogenitalism; renal dysplasia; and short stature. This syndrome has been distinguished as a separate entity from LAURENCE-MOON SYNDROME. (From J Med Genet 1997 Feb;34(2):92-8)
Annotation: note X ref: do not confuse with LAURENCE-MOON-BARDET-BIEDL SYNDROME see BARDET-BIEDL SYNDROME
ID#: D020788

Barotrauma

Definition: Injury following pressure changes; includes injury to the eustachian tube, ear drum, lung and stomach.
Annotation: inj caused by pressure changes: not restricted to ear; IM; coord with organ injured by pressure with /inj; also available is BLAST INJURIES
ID#: D001469

Barrett Esophagus

Definition: A condition with damage to the lining of the lower ESOPHAGUS resulting from chronic acid reflux (ESOPHAGITIS, REFLUX). Through the process of metaplasia, the squamous cells are replaced by a columnar epithelium with cells resembling those of the INTESTINE or the salmon-pink mucosa of the STOMACH. Barrett's columnar epithelium is a marker for severe reflux and precursor to ADENOCARCINOMA of the esophagus.
Annotation: note category; do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D001471

Bartonella Infections

Definition: Infections by the genus BARTONELLA. Bartonella bacilliformis can cause acute febrile anemia, designated Oroya fever, and a benign skin eruption, called verruga peruana. BARTONELLA QUINTANA causes TRENCH FEVER, while BARTONELLA HENSELAE is the etiologic agent of bacillary angiomatosis (ANGIOMATOSIS, BACILLARY) and is also one of the causes of CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE in immunocompetent patients.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect
ID#: D001474

Bartonellaceae Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the family BARTONELLACEAE.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect
ID#: D001476

Bartter's Disease

Definition: Hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the juxtaglomerular cells, producing hypokalemic alkalosis and hyperaldosteronism, characterized by absence of hypertension in the presence of markedly increased plasma renin concentrations, and by insensitivity to the pressor effects of angiotensin. It usually affects children, is perhaps hereditary, and may be associated with other anomalies, such as mental retardation and short stature. It is also called juxtaglomerular cell aplasia. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: hyperaldosteronism caused by juxtaglomerular cell hypertrophy & hyperplasia
ID#: D001477

Basal Cell Nevus Syndrome

Definition: Hereditary disorder consisting of multiple basal cell carcinomas, odontogenic keratocysts, and multiple skeletal defects, e.g., frontal and temporoparietal bossing, bifurcated and splayed ribs, kyphoscoliosis, fusion of vertebrae, and cervicothoracic spina bifida. Genetic transmission is autosomal dominant.
Annotation: coord IM with precoord organ/neopl (IM or NIM) only if pertinent; do not confuse X ref GORLIN SYNDROME (also called Gorlin-Goltz syndrome) with GOLTZ SYNDROME see FOCAL DERMAL HYPOPLASIA
ID#: D001478

Basal Ganglia Cerebrovascular Disease

Definition: Infarction, hemorrhage, ischemia, or hypoxia of any component of the BASAL GANGLIA of the brain. Clinical manifestations may include involuntary or dyskinetic movements and hemiparesis (secondary to involvement of the INTERNAL CAPSULE). Etiologies include atherosclerosis, hypertension, inflammatory conditions (e.g., vasculitis), and emboli of arterial or cardiac origin. Lacunar infarctions frequently occur in the basal ganglia. Hemorrhages in this region are associated with hypertension, but may also result from the rupture of vascular malformations.
Annotation: coord IM with specific disease and site (IM) if applicable
ID#: D020144

Basal Ganglia Diseases

Definition: Diseases of the BASAL GANGLIA including the PUTAMEN; GLOBUS PALLIDUS; claustrum; AMYGDALA; and CAUDATE NUCLEUS. DYSKINESIAS (most notably involuntary movements and alterations of the rate of movement) represent the primary clinical manifestations of these disorders. Common etiologies include CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; and CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; coord IM with specific site (IM)
ID#: D001480

Basal Ganglia Hemorrhage

Definition: Extravasation of blood into a basal ganglia nucleus (e.g., caudate, globus pallidus, amygdala, putamen, and claustrum). Clinical manifestations may include acute hemiparesis, movement disorders, headache and/or alterations of consciousness. Hypertension and vascular malformations are relatively common causes of this condition. Pathologically, these hemorrhages are associated with lipohyalinosis of small blood vessels and Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysm formation. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p836)
Annotation: coord IM with site (IM) if given; PUTAMINAL HEMORRHAGE is also available
ID#: D020145

Beckwith-Wiedemann Syndrome

Definition: A syndrome of multiple defects characterized primarily by umbilical hernia (HERNA, UMBILICAL), MACROGLOSSIA, and GIGANTISM and secondarily by visceromegaly, HYPOGLYCEMIA, and ear abnormalities.
Annotation: a syndrome of multiple abnorm; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; DF: EMG SYNDROME
ID#: D001506

Behcet Syndrome

Definition: Rare chronic inflammatory disease involving the small blood vessels. It is of unknown etiology and characterized by mucocutaneous ulceration in the mouth and genital region and uveitis with hypopyon. The neuro-ocular form may cause blindness and death. SYNOVITIS, THROMBOPHLEBITIS, gastrointestinal ulcerations, RETINAL VASCULITIS, and OPTIC ATROPHY may occur as well.
Annotation: in translations spell Behçet's, not Behcet's
ID#: D001528

Bell Palsy

Definition: A syndrome characterized by the acute onset of unilateral FACIAL PARALYSIS which progresses over a 2-5 day period. Weakness of the orbicularis oculi muscle and resulting incomplete eye closure may be associated with corneal injury. Pain behind the ear often precedes the onset of paralysis. This condition may be associated with HERPESVIRUS 1, HUMAN infection of the facial nerve. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1376)
Annotation:
ID#: D020330

Beriberi

Definition: A disease caused by a deficiency of thiamine (vitamin B1) and characterized by polyneuritis, cardiac pathology, and edema. The epidemic form is found primarily in areas in which white (polished) rice is the staple food, as in Japan, China, the Philippines, India, and other countries of southeast Asia. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: caused by THIAMINE DEFICIENCY
ID#: D001602

Bernard-Soulier Syndrome

Definition: A familial coagulation disorder characterized by a prolonged bleeding time, unusually large platelets, and impaired prothrombin consumption.
Annotation: a familial blood platelet disord
ID#: D001606

Berylliosis

Definition: A lung disease caused by exposure to metallic beryllium or its soluble salts.
Annotation: pneumoconiosis from beryllium; do not coord with OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
ID#: D001607

beta-Mannosidosis

Definition: An inborn error of metabolism marked by a defect in the lysosomal isoform of BETA-MANNOSIDASE that results in lysosomal accumulation of mannose-rich intermediate metabolites containing 1,4-beta linkages. The human disease occurs through autosomal recessive inheritance and manifests itself with variety of symptoms that depend upon the type of gene mutation.
Annotation:
ID#: D044905

beta-Thalassemia

Definition: A disorder characterized by reduced synthesis of the beta chains of hemoglobin. There is retardation of hemoglobin A synthesis in the heterozygous form (thalassemia minor), which is asymptomatic, while in the homozygous form (thalassemia major, Cooley's anemia, Mediterranean anemia, erythroblastic anemia), which can result in severe complications and even death, hemoglobin A synthesis is absent.
Annotation: one of the congen hemolytic anemias; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D017086

Bezoars

Definition: Concretions of swallowed hair, fruit or vegetable fibers, or similar substances found in the alimentary canal.
Annotation: concretions from ingested foreign matter; coord IM with organ (IM), not organ/dis: Manual 21.39
ID#: D001630

Bifidobacteriales Infections

Definition: Infections with BACTERIA of the order Bifidobacteriales. This includes infections in the genera BIFIDOBACTERIA and GARDNERELLA, in the family Bifidobacteriaceae.
Annotation:
ID#: D039941

Bile Duct Diseases

Definition: Diseases in any part of the ductal system of the BILIARY TRACT from the smallest BILE CANALICULI to the largest COMMON BILE DUCT.
Annotation: inflamm dis = CHOLANGITIS; calculi = BILIARY CALCULI see GALLSTONES but consider also CHOLELITHIASIS + BILE DUCT DISEASES
ID#: D001649

Bile Duct Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer of the BILE DUCTS.
Annotation: coord IM with specific bile duct (IM) + histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D001650

Bile Reflux

Definition: Retrograde bile flow. Reflux of bile can be from the duodenum to the stomach (DUODENOGASTRIC REFLUX); to the esophagus (GASTROESOPHAGEAL REFLUX); or to the PANCREAS.
Annotation:
ID#: D001655

Biliary Atresia

Definition: Progressive destruction or the absence of all or part of the extrahepatic BILE DUCTS, resulting in the complete obstruction of BILE flow. Usually, biliary atresia is found in infants and accounts for one third of the neonatal cholestatic JAUNDICE.
Annotation: do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D001656

Biliary Dyskinesia

Definition: A sydrome resulting from impaired BILE flow due to motor dysfunction of the SPHINCTER OF ODDI. It is characterized by repeated biliary COLIC, fatty food intolerance, and NAUSEA.
Annotation:
ID#: D001657

Biliary Fistula

Definition: Abnormal passage in any organ of the biliary tract or between biliary organs and other organs.
Annotation: coord IM with specific precoord biliary tract/dis heading (IM); fistula policy: Manual 23.19+
ID#: D001658

Biliary Tract Diseases

Definition: Diseases in any part of the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; biliary empyema = EMPYEMA (IM) + BILIARY TRACT DISEASES (IM) or if of gallbladder, EMPYEMA, GALLBLADDER see CHOLECYSTITIS; inflamm dis = CHOLECYSTITIS or CHOLANGITIS; calculi = BILIARY CALCULI see GALLSTONES but consider also CHOLELITHIASIS
ID#: D001660

Biliary Tract Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer in the BILIARY TRACT including the BILE DUCTS and the GALLBLADDER.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D001661

Biotinidase Deficiency

Definition: The late onset form of MULTIPLE CARBOXYLASE DEFICIENCY (deficiency of the activities of biotin-dependent enzymes propionyl-CoA carboxylase, methylcrotonyl-CoA carboxylase, and PYRUVATE CARBOXYLASE) due to a defect or deficiency in biotinidase which is essential for recycling BIOTIN.
Annotation:
ID#: D028921

Bipolar Disorder

Definition: A major affective disorder marked by severe mood swings (manic or major depressive episodes) and a tendency to remission and recurrence.
Annotation:
ID#: D001714

Bird Diseases

Definition: Diseases of birds not considered poultry, therefore usually found in zoos, parks, and the wild. The concept is differentiated from POULTRY DISEASES which is for birds raised as a source of meat or eggs for human consumption, and usually found in barnyards, hatcheries, etc.
Annotation: IM GEN or unspecified; coord IM with specific dis /vet (IM) or specific bird dis (IM); coord IM with specific bird (IM); for abnormalities or injuries, index under BIRDS /abnorm or BIRDS /inj; don't forget also BIRDS (NIM) if no specific bird is indexed; also check tag ANIMALS; differentiate from POULTRY DISEASES on basis of distinction between BIRDS & POULTRY shown under BIRDS; DF: BIRD DIS
ID#: D001715

Bird Fancier's Lung

Definition: A respiratory disorder due to an acquired hypersensitivity to the dust of bird droppings.
Annotation: resp hypersensitivity to dust of bird droppings
ID#: D001716

Birnaviridae Infections

Definition: Virus diseases caused by the BIRNAVIRIDAE.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics
ID#: D018175

Birth Injuries

Definition: Mechanical or anoxic trauma incurred by the infant during labor or delivery.
Annotation: do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; DF: BIRTH INJ
ID#: D001720

Bites and Stings

Definition:
Annotation: snake bites = SNAKE BITES; spider bites = ARACHNIDISM; tick bites = TICKS (IM) + BITES AND STINGS (IM) (not TICK TOXICOSES unless paralysis or toxicosis results); coord IM with biter (IM); INSECT BITES AND STINGS is also available; DF: BITES
ID#: D001733

Bites, Human

Definition: Bites inflicted by humans.
Annotation: the human is biting, not being bitten; don't forget to check tag HUMAN
ID#: D001734

Blackwater Fever

Definition: A complication of MALARIA, FALCIPARUM characterized by the passage of dark red to black urine.
Annotation:
ID#: D001742

Bladder Calculi

Definition: Calculi of the urinary bladder; also known as vesical calculi or bladder stones, and cystoliths.
Annotation: chem composition of caclcui: use /chem; /ultrastruct permetted
ID#: D001744

Bladder Diseases

Definition:
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; inflamm dis = CYSTITIS
ID#: D001745

Bladder Exstrophy

Definition: Congenital eversion of the urinary bladder. It is characterized by the absence of a portion of the lower abdominal wall and the anterior vesical wall, with eversion of the posterior vesical wall through the deficit.
Annotation: a bladder abnorm; note spelling: not ext- ; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D001746

Bladder Fistula

Definition: An abnormal passage in the bladder or between the bladder and any surrounding organ.
Annotation: fistula policy: Manual 23.19+; VESICOVAGINAL FISTULA is available
ID#: D001747

Bladder Neck Obstruction

Definition:
Annotation:
ID#: D001748

Bladder Neoplasms

Definition: Cancer or tumors of the bladder.
Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D001749

Bladder, Neurogenic

Definition: Dysfunction of the urinary bladder due to disease of the central or peripheral nervous system pathways involved in the control of micturition. This is often associated with SPINAL CORD DISEASES, but may also be caused by BRAIN DISEASES or PERIPHERAL NERVE DISEASES.
Annotation:
ID#: D001750

Blast Crisis

Definition: Rapid increase in the proportion of blast cells in the blood and bone marrow.
Annotation: note category; IM; coord with specific neopl term /pathol (IM); do not confuse with BLAST TRANSFORMATION see LYMPHOCYTE TRANSFORMATION
ID#: D001752

Blast Injuries

Definition: Injuries resulting when a person is struck by particles impelled with violent force from an explosion. Blast causes pulmonary concussion and hemorrhage, laceration of other thoracic and abdominal viscera, ruptured ear drums, and minor effects in the central nevous system. (From Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: various body inj from waves of high-pressure velocity; /compl permitted but do not confuse with /pathol
ID#: D001753

Blastocystis Infections

Definition: Infections with PROTOZOA of the genus BLASTOCYSTIS. The species B. hominis is responsible for most infections. Parasitologic surveys have generally found small numbers of this species in human stools, but higher positivity rates and organism numbers in AIDS patients and other immunosuppressed patients (IMMUNOCOMPROMISED HOST). Symptoms include ABDOMINAL PAIN; DIARRHEA; CONSTIPATION; VOMITING; and FATIGUE.
Annotation:
ID#: D016776

Blastomycosis

Definition: A fungal infection that may appear in two forms: 1) a primary lesion characterized by the formation of a small cutaneous nodule and small nodules along the lymphatics that may heal within several months; and 2) chronic granulomatous lesions characterized by thick crusts, warty growths, and unusual vascularity and infection in the middle or upper lobes of the lung.
Annotation: fungus dis; do not confuse X ref BLASTOMYCOSIS, NORTH AMERICAN with BLASTOMYCOSIS, SOUTH AMERICAN see PARACOCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS
ID#: D001759

Blepharitis

Definition: Inflammation of the eyelids.
Annotation: inflamm of eyelid
ID#: D001762

Blepharophimosis

Definition: The abnormal narrowness of the palpebral fissure in the horizontal direction caused by the lateral displacement of the medial canthi of the eyelids. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: eyelid abnorm; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D016569

Blepharoptosis

Definition: Drooping of the upper lid due to deficient development or paralysis of the levator palpebrae muscle.
Annotation: drooping eyelid
ID#: D001763

Blepharospasm

Definition: Excessive winking; tonic or clonic spasm of the orbicularis oculi muscle.
Annotation: spasm of eyelid musc
ID#: D001764

Blind Loop Syndrome

Definition: A malabsorption syndrome that is associated with a blind loop in the upper SMALL INTESTINE that is characterized by the lack of peristaltic movement, stasis of INTESTINAL CONTENTS, and the overgrowth of BACTERIA. Such bacterial overgrowth interferes with BILE SALTS action, FATTY ACIDS processing, MICROVILLI integrity, and the ABSORPTION of nutrients such as VITAMIN B12 and FOLIC ACID.
Annotation:
ID#: D001765

Blindness

Definition: The inability to see or the loss or absence of perception of visual stimuli. This condition may be the result of EYE DISEASES; OPTIC NERVE DISEASES; OPTIC CHIASM diseases; or BRAIN DISEASES affecting the VISUAL PATHWAYS or OCCIPITAL LOBE.
Annotation: for Braille coord IM with SENSORY AIDS (IM) + READING (IM)
ID#: D001766

Blindness, Cortical

Definition: Total loss of vision in all or part of the visual field due to bilateral OCCIPITAL LOBE (i.e., VISUAL CORTEX) damage or dysfunction. Anton syndrome is characterized by the psychic denial of true, organic cortical blindness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p460)
Annotation:
ID#: D019575

Blister

Definition: Visible accumulations of fluid within or beneath the epidermis.
Annotation: FEVER BLISTER see HERPES LABIALIS is also available
ID#: D001768

Blood Coagulation Disorders

Definition: Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of abnormalities in blood coagulation due to a variety of factors sych as COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS; BLOOD PLATELET DISORDERS; BLOOD PROTEIN DISORDERS or nutritional conditions.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; consider also COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS and indentions; see also THROMBOSIS; EMBOLISM and specifics in C14; /genet: consider also BLOOD COAGULATION DISORDERS, INHERITED; DF: BLOOD COAG DIS
ID#: D001778

Blood Coagulation Disorders, Inherited

Definition: Hemorrhagic and thrombotic disorders that occur as a consequence of inherited abnormalities in blood coagulation.
Annotation:
ID#: D025861

Blood Group Incompatibility

Definition: A mismatch between donor and recipient blood. Antibodies present in the recipient's serum are directed against antigens in the donor product. Such a mismatch may result in a transfusion reaction in which, for example, donor blood is hemolyzed. (From Saunders Dictionary & Encyclopedia of Laboratory Medicine and Technology, 1984)
Annotation: coord IM with specific blood group (IM)
ID#: D001787

Blood Loss, Surgical

Definition: Loss of blood during a surgical procedure.
Annotation: /prev: consider also HEMOSTASIS, SURGICAL; for vol of blood lost, coord IM with BLOOD VOLUME (NIM); DF: BLOOD LOSS SURG
ID#: D016063

Blood Platelet Disorders

Definition: Disorders caused by abnormalities in platelet count or function.
Annotation: do not use as coord for platelet factor defic: use COAGULATION PROTEIN DISORDERS
ID#: D001791

Blood Protein Disorders

Definition:
Annotation: GEN: avoid: prefer specifics
ID#: D001796

Bloom Syndrome

Definition: An autosomal recessive disorder characterized by telangiectatic erythema of the face, photosensitivity, dwarfism, and other abnormalities.
Annotation: a syndrome of multiple abnorm; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES
ID#: D001816

Blue Toe Syndrome

Definition: Atherothrombotic microembolism of the lower extremities due to recurrent cholesterol embolic 'showers' with painful cyanotic discoloration of the toes and embolism to other sites that completely resolve between attacks. Despite the gangrene-like appearance, blue toes may respond to conservative therapy without amputation. (Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992)
Annotation: caused by recur cholesterol embolism of the toes; do not confuse with black toe disease ( = AINHUM)
ID#: D018438

Bluetongue

Definition: A reovirus infection, chiefly of sheep, characterized by a swollen blue tongue, catarrhal inflammation of upper respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts, and often by inflammation of sensitive laminae of the feet and coronet.
Annotation: caused by a reovirus; usually animal; check tag ANIMALS; don't forget also SHEEP (NIM) but do not index under SHEEP DISEASES
ID#: D001819

Body Temperature Changes

Definition: Significant alterations in temperature of the human body, above or below 98.6 degrees F. or 37 degrees C. when taken orally.
Annotation: not used for indexing
ID#: D001832

Body Weight Changes

Definition: A clinical manifestation consisting of alterations in an individual's weight from his or her norm.
Annotation: not used for indexing
ID#: D001836

Bone Cysts

Definition: Benign unilocular lytic areas in the proximal end of a long bone with well defined and narrow endosteal margins. The cysts contain fluid and the cyst walls may contain some giant cells. Bone cysts usually occur in males between the ages 3-15 years.
Annotation: coord IM with specific bone (IM)
ID#: D001845

Bone Cysts, Aneurysmal

Definition: Solitary lesions of bone that typically cause a bulging of the overlying cortex bearing some resemblance to the saccular protrusion of the aortic wall in aortic aneurysm, hence the name. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: non-neoplastic; nothing to do with "aneurysm": see MeSH definition; /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with precord organ/diseases term (IM) (but not BONE DISEASES)
ID#: D017824

Bone Demineralization, Pathologic

Definition: Decrease, loss, or removal of the mineral constituents of bones. Temporary loss of bone mineral content is especially associated with space flight, weightlessness, and extended immobilization. OSTEOPOROSIS is permanent, includes reduction of total bone mass, and is associated with increased rate of fractures. CALCIFICATION, PHYSIOLOGIC is the process of bone remineralizing. (From Dorland, 27th ed; Stedman, 25th ed; Nicogossian, Space Physiology and Medicine, 2d ed, pp327-33)
Annotation: a metab bone dis; do not confuse with BONE DEMINERALIZATION TECHNIQUE, a histol technique: DF: BONE DEMINERALIZATION PATHOL
ID#: D018488

Bone Diseases

Definition:
Annotation: "disappearing bone" = OSTEOLYSIS, ESSENTIAL; TN 143: do not confuse with OSTEOPATHY see OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE, the specialty dealing with bone dis; inflamm dis = OSTEITIS
ID#: D001847

Bone Diseases, Developmental

Definition:
Annotation:
ID#: D001848

Bone Diseases, Endocrine

Definition: Diseases of the bones related to hyperfunction or hypofunction of the endocrine glands.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; coord IM with specific endocr dis (IM); DF: BONE DIS ENDOCRINE
ID#: D001849

Bone Diseases, Infectious

Definition: Bone diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics; coord IM with specific infection (IM); DF: BONE DIS INFECT
ID#: D001850

Bone Diseases, Metabolic

Definition:
Annotation:
ID#: D001851

Bone Malalignment

Definition: Displacement of bones out of line in relation to joints. It may be congenital or traumatic in origin.
Annotation: congen or traum
ID#: D017760

Bone Marrow Diseases

Definition:
Annotation: inflamm dis = OSTEOMYELITIS
ID#: D001855

Bone Marrow Neoplasms

Definition: Neoplasms located in the bone marrow. They are differentiated from neoplasms composed of bone marrow cells, such as MYELOMA. Most bone marrow neoplasms are metastatic.
Annotation: neopl located in bone marrow: do not confuse with neopl composed of bone marrow cells (like myeloma); /blood supply /chem /secret /second /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM): DF: BONE MARROW NEOPL
ID#: D019046

Bone Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer located in bone tissue or specific bones.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specific precoord; do not confuse with NEOPLASMS, BONE TISSUE (neopl composed of bone tissue); coord IM with specific bone (IM) + histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D001859

Bone Resorption

Definition: Bone loss due to osteoclastic activity.
Annotation: use Cat C qualif
ID#: D001862

Border Disease

Definition: Congenital disorder of lambs caused by a virus closely related to or identical with certain strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus.
Annotation: caused by a pestivirus; border refers to the English-Welsh border where there is a high mortal among sheep from this dis; usually animal; check tag ANIMALS; don't forget also SHEEP (NIM) but do not index under SHEEP DISEASES
ID#: D001882

Borderline Personality Disorder

Definition: A personality disorder marked by a pattern of instability of interpersonal relationships, self-image, and affects, and marked impulsivity beginning by early adulthood and present in a variety of contexts. (DSM-IV)
Annotation: "borderline" is a psychiatric diag: follow text
ID#: D001883

Bordetella Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the genus BORDETELLA.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect
ID#: D001885

Borna Disease

Definition: An encephalomyelitis of horses, sheep and cattle caused by BORNA DISEASE VIRUS.
Annotation:
ID#: D001890

Borrelia Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the genus BORRELIA.
Annotation: B. burgdorferi or B. burgdorferi group infection = LYME DISEASE; infection by other species = probably RELAPSING FEVER, but if not, index here
ID#: D001899

Botulism

Definition: A disease caused by potent protein NEUROTOXINS produced by CLOSTRIDIUM BOTULINUM which interfere with the presynaptic release of ACETYLCHOLINE at the NEUROMUSCULAR JUNCTION. Clinical features include abdominal pain, vomiting, acute PARALYSIS (including respiratory paralysis), blurred vision, and DIPLOPIA. Botulism may be classified into several subtypes (e.g., food-borne, infant, wound, and others). (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1208)
Annotation:
ID#: D001906

Boutonneuse Fever

Definition: A febrile disease of the Mediterranean area, the Crimea, Africa, and India, caused by infection with RICKETTSIA CONORII.
Annotation: caused by RICKETTSIA CONORII
ID#: D001907

Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease

Definition: Acute disease of cattle caused by the bovine viral diarrhea viruses (DIARRHEA VIRUSES, BOVINE VIRAL). Often mouth ulcerations are the only sign but fever, diarrhea, drop in milk yield, and loss of appetite are also seen. Severity of clinical disease varies and is strain dependent. Outbreaks are characterized by low morbidity and high mortality.
Annotation: DF: BVD DIS
ID#: D001912

Bowen's Disease

Definition: A persistent progressive non-elevated red scaly or crusted plaque which is due to an intradermal carcinoma and is potentially malignant. Atypical squamous cells proliferate through the whole thickness of the epidermis. The lesions may occur anywhere on the skin surface or on mucosal surfaces. The cause most frequently found is trivalent arsenic compounds. Freezing, cauterization or diathermy coagulation is often effective. (From Rook et al., Textbook of Dermatology, 4th ed, pp2428-9)
Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with SKIN NEOPLASMS (IM)
ID#: D001913

Brachial Plexus Neuritis

Definition: A syndrome associated with inflammation of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical features include severe pain in the shoulder region which may be accompanied by MUSCLE WEAKNESS and loss of sensation in the upper extremity. This condition may be associated with VIRUS DISEASES; IMMUNIZATION; SURGERY; heroin use (see HEROIN DEPENDENCE); and other conditions. The term brachial neuralgia generally refers to pain associated with brachial plexus injury. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1355-6)
Annotation:
ID#: D020968

Brachial Plexus Neuropathies

Definition: Diseases of the cervical (and first thoracic) roots, nerve trunks, cords, and peripheral nerve components of the BRACHIAL PLEXUS. Clinical manifestations include regional pain, PARESTHESIA; MUSCLE WEAKNESS, and decreased sensation (HYPESTHESIA) in the upper extremity. These disorders may be associated with trauma (including BIRTH INJURIES); THORACIC OUTLET SYNDROME; NEOPLASMS; NEURITIS; RADIOTHERAPY; and other conditions. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp1351-2)
Annotation:
ID#: D020516

Bradycardia

Definition: Excessive slowness in the action of the heart, usually with a heart rate below 60 beats per minute.
Annotation: TN 99: BRADYCARDIA vs HEART RATE
ID#: D001919

Brain Abscess

Definition: A circumscribed collection of purulent exudate in the brain, due to bacterial and other infections. The majority are caused by spread of infected material from a focus of suppuration elsewhere in the body, notably the PARANASAL SINUSES, middle ear (see EAR, MIDDLE), HEART (see also ENDOCARDITIS, BACTERIAL), and LUNG. Penetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA and NEUROSURGICAL PROCEDURES may also be associated with this condition. Clinical manifestations include HEADACHE, SEIZURES, focal neurologic deficits, and alterations of consciousness. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp712-6)
Annotation: coord IM with specific infection (IM) + specific CNS infect term (IM) + site/dis term (IM) if pertinent
ID#: D001922

Brain Concussion

Definition: A nonspecific term used to describe transient alterations or loss of consciousness following closed head injuries. The duration of UNCONSCIOUSNESS generally lasts a few seconds, but may persist for several hours. Concussions may be classified as mild, intermediate, and severe. Prolonged periods of unconsciousness (often defined as greater than 6 hours in duration) may be referred to as post-traumatic coma (COMA, POST-HEAD INJURY). (From Rowland, Merritt's Textbook of Neurology, 9th ed, p418)
Annotation:
ID#: D001924

Brain Damage, Chronic

Definition: A condition characterized by long-standing brain dysfunction or damage, usually of three months duration or longer. Potential etiologies include BRAIN INFARCTION; certain NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS; CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA; ANOXIA, BRAIN; ENCEPHALITIS; certain NEUROTOXICITY disorders; metabolic disorders (see BRAIN DISEASES, METABOLIC); and other conditions.
Annotation: coord with specific condition causing damage if pertinent
ID#: D001925

Brain Death

Definition: A state of prolonged irreversible cessation of all brain activity, including lower brain stem function with the complete absence of voluntary movements, responses to stimuli, brain stem reflexes, and spontaneous respirations. Reversible conditions which mimic this clinical state (e.g., sedative overdose, hypothermia, etc.) are excluded prior to making the determination of brain death. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, pp348-9)
Annotation:
ID#: D001926

Brain Diseases

Definition: Pathologic conditions affecting the BRAIN, which is composed of the intracranial components of the CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM. This includes (but is not limited to) the CEREBRAL CORTEX; intracranial white matter; BASAL GANGLIA; THALAMUS; HYPOTHALAMUS; BRAIN STEM; and CEREBELLUM.
Annotation:
ID#: D001927

Brain Diseases, Metabolic

Definition: Acquired or inborn metabolic diseases that produce brain dysfunction or damage. These include primary (i.e., disorders intrinsic to the brain) and secondary (i.e., extracranial) metabolic conditions that adversely affect cerebral function.
Annotation: GEN; avoid: prefer specifics; DF: BRAIN DIS METAB
ID#: D001928

Brain Diseases, Metabolic, Inborn

Definition: Errors of brain metabolism resulting from inborn, primarily enzymatic, deficiency states. The majority of these conditions are familial, however spontaneous mutation may also occur. Deficient enzyme activity may cause brain dysfunction by leading to the accumulation of substrate, reduced product formation, or by causing metabolism to occur through alternate pathways.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; DF: BRAIN DIS METAB INBORN
ID#: D020739

Brain Edema

Definition: Increased intracellular or extracellular fluid in brain tissue. Cytotoxic brain edema (swelling due to increased intracellular fluid) is indicative of a disturbance in cell metabolism, and is commonly associated with hypoxic or ischemic injuries (see HYPOXIA, BRAIN). An increase in extracellular fluid may be caused by increased brain capillary permeability (vasogenic edema), an osmotic gradient, local blockages in interstitial fluid pathways, or by obstruction of CSF flow (e.g., obstructive HYDROCEPHALUS). (From Childs Nerv Syst 1992 Sep; 8(6):301-6)
Annotation:
ID#: D001929

Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic

Definition: Bleeding within the brain as a result of penetrating and nonpenetrating CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. Traumatically induced hemorrhages may occur in any area of the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, diencephalon, brain stem (see BRAIN STEM HEMORRHAGE, TRAUMATIC), and cerebellum.
Annotation: note specifics; coord with organ/dis term or site
ID#: D020201

Brain Infarction

Definition: The formation of an area of necrosis in the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres (see CEREBRAL INFARCTION), thalami, basal ganglia, brain stem (BRAIN STEM INFARCTIONS), or cerebellum secondary to an insufficiency of arterial or venous blood flow.
Annotation: GEN: prefer specifics; DF: BRAIN INFARCT
ID#: D020520

Brain Injuries

Definition: Acute and chronic (see also BRAIN INJURIES, CHRONIC) injuries to the brain, including the cerebral hemispheres, CEREBELLUM, and BRAIN STEM. Clinical manifestations depend on the nature of injury. Diffuse trauma to the brain is frequently associated with DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY or COMA, POST-TRAUMATIC. Localized injuries may be associated with NEUROBEHAVIORAL MANIFESTATIONS; HEMIPARESIS, or other focal neurologic deficits.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; consider also /inj with specific parts of the brain; X ref BRAIN CONTUSION: do not coord with CONTUSIONS; do not confuse with CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA
ID#: D001930

Brain Injury, Chronic

Definition: Conditions characterized by persistent brain damage or dysfunction as sequelae of cranial trauma. This disorder may result from DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY; INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGES; BRAIN EDEMA; and other conditions. Clinical features may include DEMENTIA; focal neurologic deficits; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; AKINETIC MUTISM; or COMA.
Annotation:
ID#: D020208

Brain Ischemia

Definition: Localized reduction of blood flow to brain tissue due to arterial obtruction or systemic hypoperfusion. This frequently occurs in conjuction with brain hypoxia (HYPOXIA, BRAIN). Prolonged ischemia is associated with BRAIN INFARCTION.
Annotation: ISCHEMIC ATTACK, TRANSIENT is abailable; do not confuse with HYPOXIA, BRAIN, reduced oxygen supply
ID#: D002545

Brain Neoplasms

Definition: Neoplasms of the intracranial components of the central nervous system, including the cerebral hemispheres, basal ganglia, hypothalamus, thalamus, brain stem, and cerebellum. Brain neoplasms are subdivided into primary (originating from brain tissue) and secondary (i.e., metastatic) forms. Primary neoplasms are subdivided into benign and malignant forms. In general, brain tumors may also be classified by age of onset, histologic type, or presenting location in the brain.
Annotation: /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with specific site in brain (IM) + histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D001932

Brain Stem Hemorrhage, Traumatic

Definition: Extravasation of blood into the midbrain, pons, or medulla following CRANIOCEREBRAL TRAUMA. DIFFUSE AXONAL INJURY is commonly associated. Clinical manifestations which may be associated with this condition include OCULAR MOTILITY DISORDERS; ATAXIA; PARALYSIS; PERSISTENT VEGETATIVE STATE; and COMA.
Annotation: coord with site
ID#: D020203

Brain Stem Infarctions

Definition: Infarctions that occur in the brain stem which is comprised of the midbrain, pons, and medulla. There are several named syndromes characterized by their distinctive clinical manifestations and specific sites of ischemic injury.
Annotation: DF: BRAINSTEM INFARCT
ID#: D020526

Brain Stem Neoplasms

Definition: Benign and malignant intra-axial tumors of the MESENCEPHALON; PONS; or MEDULLA OBLONGATA of the BRAIN STEM. Primary and metastatic neoplasms may occur in this location. Clinical features include ATAXIA, cranial neuropathies (see CRANIAL NERVE DISEASES), NAUSEA, hemiparesis (see HEMIPLEGIA), and quadriparesis. Primary brain stem neoplasms are more frequent in children. Histologic subtypes include GLIOMA; HEMANGIOBLASTOMA; GANGLIOGLIOMA; and EPENDYMOMA.
Annotation: coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D020295

Branchio-Oto-Renal Syndrome

Definition: An autosomal dominant disorder manifested by various combinations of preauricular pits, branchial fistulae or cysts, lacrimal duct stenosis, hearing loss, structural defects of the outer, middle, or inner ear, and renal dysplasia. Associated defects include asthenic habitus, long narrow facies, constricted palate, deep overbite, and myopia. Hearing loss may be due to Mondini type cochlear defect and stapes fixation. (Jablonski's Dictionary of Syndromes & Eponymic Diseases, 2d ed)
Annotation: multiple abnorm; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; DF: note short X ref
ID#: D019280

Branchioma

Definition: A tumor derived from branchial epithelium or branchial rests. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: neoplastic; includes branchial inclusion cyst, branchial chondroma, branchial fistula; /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with HEAD AND NECK NEOPLASMS (IM)
ID#: D001935

Breast Diseases

Definition:
Annotation: inflamm dis = MASTITIS; tuberc of breast = MASTITIS (IM) + TUBERCULOSIS (IM), not TUBERCULOSIS, ENDOCRINE
ID#: D001941

Breast Neoplasms

Definition: Tumors or cancer of the human BREAST.
Annotation: human only; BREAST NEOPLASMS, MALE is also available: see note there; for animal use MAMMARY NEOPLASMS, ANIMAL or MAMMARY NEOPLASMS, EXPERIMENTAL: Manual 24.5+, 24.6+; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D001943

Breast Neoplasms, Male

Definition: Any neoplasms of the male breast. These occur infrequently in males in developed countries, the incidence being about 1% of that in females. Two-thirds of patients present with intraductal carcinoma. The average age of onset is 60 years for men. Orchiectomy was the standard treatment but it has been replaced by TAMOXIFEN as the initial therapy since estrogen-receptor-positive tumors are predominant in males. Orchiectomy and mastectomy may be used if initial drug therapy is not successful. The prognosis is worse than that for females. (From Holland, et al., Cancer Medicine, 3d ed, p1751)
Annotation: human only; for animal, see note at BREAST NEOPLASMS; /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM); check tags HUMAN & MALE
ID#: D018567

Brenner Tumor

Definition: A tumor of the ovary whose structure consists of groups of epithelial cells lying in a fibrous connective tissue stroma. Brenner tumors are uncommon, representing less than 1% of all ovarian neoplasms.
Annotation: coord IM with OVARIAN NEOPLASMS (IM)
ID#: D001948

Bronchial Diseases

Definition:
Annotation: inflamm dis = BRONCHITIS
ID#: D001982

Bronchial Fistula

Definition: An abnormal passage or communication between a bronchus and another part of the body.
Annotation: fistula policy: Manual 23.19+
ID#: D001983

Bronchial Hyperreactivity

Definition: Tendency of the smooth muscle of the tracheobronchial tree to contract more intensely in response to a given stimulus than it does in the response seen in normal individuals. This condition is present in virtually all symptomatic patients with asthma. The most prominent manifestation of this smooth muscle contraction is a decrease in airway caliber that can be readily measured in the pulmonary function laboratory.
Annotation: note category; if present in asthma, coord IM with ASTHMA /physiopathol (IM)
ID#: D016535

Bronchial Neoplasms

Definition:
Annotation: not for bronchial carcinoma ( = CARCINOMA, BRONCHIAL see CARCINOMA, BRONCHOGENIC + LUNG NEOPLASMS), nor bronchogenic carcinoma ( = CARCINOMA, BRONCHOGENIC + LUNG NEOPLASMS) nor bronchiolar carcinoma ( = CARCINOMA, BRONCHIOLAR + LUNG NEOPLASMS); /blood supply /chem /second /secret /ultrastruct permitted; coord IM with histol type of neopl (IM)
ID#: D001984

Bronchial Spasm

Definition: Spasmodic contraction of the smooth muscle of the bronchi.
Annotation:
ID#: D001986

Bronchiectasis

Definition: Persistent abnormal dilatation of the bronchi.
Annotation: bronchial dilatation
ID#: D001987

Bronchiolitis

Definition: Inflammation of the bronchioles.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics
ID#: D001988

Bronchiolitis Obliterans

Definition: Inflammation of the bronchioles with obstruction by fibrous granulation tissue or bronchial exudate. It may follow inhalation of irritating gases or foreign bodies and it complicates pneumonia.
Annotation: also called acute obliterating bronchiolitis & bronchiolitis fibrosa obliterans: do not make diagnoses: use words of text
ID#: D001989

Bronchiolitis Obliterans Organizing Pneumonia

Definition: A disease formerly considered a form of interstitial pneumonia. Its etiology is obscure but it may be associated with toxic fumes, infection, and connective tissue disease. Clinical symptoms include cough, dyspnea and influenza-like symptoms with the development of the usual interstitial pneumonia in many cases. Obstructive symptoms are limited to smokers. There are patchy polypoid masses of intra-alveolar granulation tissue in small airway lumina and alveolar ducts. "Organizing" refers to unresolved pneumonia (in which the alveolar exudate persists and eventually undergoes fibrosis) in which fibrous tissue forms in the alveoli. (From Segen, Dictionary of Modern Medicine, 1992; Stedman, 25th ed)
Annotation: DF: note short X ref
ID#: D018549

Bronchiolitis, Viral

Definition: An acute inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory tract, caused by paramyxoviruses, occurring primarily in infants and young children; the viruses most commonly implicated are parainfluenza type 3 and respiratory syncytial virus.
Annotation: acute & occurring in inf & young child; coord IM with specific virus dis (IM)
ID#: D001990

Bronchitis

Definition:
Annotation: tuberc bronchitis: index under TUBERCULOSIS, PULMONARY & not also under BRONCHITIS unless particularly discussed; BRONCHIOLITIS is also available
ID#: D001991

Bronchitis, Chronic

Definition: A subcategory of CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE. The disease is characterized by hypersecretion of mucus accompanied by a chronic (more than 3 months in 2 consecutive years) productive cough. Infectious agents are a major cause of chronic bronchitis.
Annotation: BRONCHITIS is also available
ID#: D029481

Bronchogenic Cyst

Definition: A usually spherical cyst, arising as an embryonic out-pouching of the foregut or trachea. It is generally found in the mediastinum or lung and is usually asymptomatic unless it becomes infected.
Annotation: non-neoplastic; /blood supply /chem /secret /ultrastruct permitted
ID#: D001994

Bronchopneumonia

Definition: Acute inflammation of the walls of the smaller bronchial tubes, with varying amounts of pulmonary consolidation due to spread of the inflammation into peribronchiolar alveoli and the alveolar ducts. (Stedman, 25th ed)
Annotation: do not make a diagnosis: use term as used by author
ID#: D001996

Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia

Definition: A chronic lung disease appearing in certain newborn infants treated for RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN with mechanical ventilation and elevated concentration of inspired oxygen.
Annotation: after ther of RESPIRATORY DISTRESS SYNDROME, NEWBORN so do not coord with it; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; check tags HUMAN & INFANT, NEWBORN; DF: BRONCHOPULM DYSPLASIA
ID#: D001997

Bronchopulmonary Sequestration

Definition: A developmental anomaly in which a mass of nonfunctioning lung tissue lacks normal connection with the tracheobroncheal tree and receives an anomalous blood supply originating from the descending thoracic or abdominal aorta. The mass may be extralobar, i.e., completely separated from normally connected lung, or intralobar, i.e., partly surrounded by normal lung.
Annotation: a lung abnorm; do not use /congen & do not coord with INFANT, NEWBORN, DISEASES; DF: PULM SEQUESTRATION
ID#: D001998

Brown-Sequard Syndrome

Definition: A syndrome associated with injury to the lateral half of the spinal cord. The condition is characterized by the following clinical features (which are found below the level of the lesion): contralateral hemisensory anesthesia to pain and temperature, ipsilateral loss of propioception, and ipsilateral motor paralysis. Tactile sensation is generally spared. (From Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p162).
Annotation: do not confuse with flaccid paralysis of the bladder, also called Brown Séquard paralysis; in titles & translations use diacrit: Brown-Sequard
ID#: D018437

Brucellosis

Definition: Infection caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA mainly involving the reticuloendothelial system. This condition is characterized by fever, weakness, malaise, and weight loss.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect
ID#: D002006

Brucellosis, Bovine

Definition: A disease of cattle caused by bacteria of the genus BRUCELLA leading to abortion in late pregnancy. BRUCELLA ABORTUS is the primary infective agent.
Annotation: in cattle only: if transmitted to man, use BRUCELLOSIS for the human; don't forget also CATTLE (NIM) & check tag ANIMALS
ID#: D002007

Bruxism

Definition: A disorder characterized by grinding and clenching of the teeth.
Annotation: SLEEP BRUXISM is also available
ID#: D002012

Bulbar Palsy, Progressive

Definition: A motor neuron disease marked by progressive weakness of the muscles innervated by cranial nerves of the lower brain stem. Clinical manifestations include dysarthria, dysphagia, facial weakness, tongue weakness, and fasciculations of the tongue and facial muscles. The adult form of the disease is marked intially by bulbar weakness which progresses to involve motor neurons throughout the neuroaxis. Eventually this condition may become indistinguishable from AMYOTROPHIC LATERAL SCLEROSIS. Fazio-Londe syndrome is an inherited form of this illness which occurs in children and young adults. (Adams et al., Principles of Neurology, 6th ed, p1091; Brain 1992 Dec;115(Pt 6):1889-1900)
Annotation:
ID#: D010244

Bulimia

Definition: Episodic binge eating. The episodes may be associated with the fear of not being able to stop eating, depressed mood, or self-deprecating thoughts (binge-eating disorder) and may frequently be terminated by self-induced vomiting (bulimia nervosa).
Annotation:
ID#: D002032

Bundle-Branch Block

Definition: A form of heart block in which one ventricle is excited before the other because of absence of conduction in one of the branches of the bundle of His.
Annotation: disord of bundle of His
ID#: D002037

Bunyaviridae Infections

Definition: Virus diseases caused by the BUNYAVIRIDAE.
Annotation: GEN or unspecified; prefer specifics
ID#: D002044

Burkholderia Infections

Definition: Infections with bacteria of the genus BURKHOLDERIA.
Annotation: gram-neg bact infect; coord IM with species (IM)
ID#: D019121

Burkitt Lymphoma

Definition: A form of undifferentiated malignant lymphoma usually found in central Africa, but also reported in other parts of the world. It is commonly manifested as a large osteolytic lesion in the jaw or as an abdominal mass. B-cell antigens are expressed on the immature cells that make up the tumor in virtually all cases of Burkitt lymphoma. The Epstein-Barr virus (HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN) has been isolated from Burkitt lymphoma cases in Africa and it is implicated as the causative agent in these cases; however, most non-African cases are EBV-negative.
Annotation: caused by HERPESVIRUS 4, HUMAN
ID#: D002051

Burning Mouth Syndrome

Definition: A group of painful oral symptoms associated with a burning or similar sensation. There is usually a significant organic component with a degree of functional overlay; it is not limited to the psychophysiologic group of disorders.
Annotation: "painful oral symptoms assoc with a burning sensation"
ID#: D002054

Burns

Definition: Injuries to tissues caused by contact with heat, steam, chemicals (BURNS, CHEMICAL), electricity (BURNS, ELECTRIC), or the like.
Annotation: GEN; "thermal injury"; EYE BURNS & SUNBURN are also available; burn shock: coord IM with SHOCK, TRAUMATIC (IM)
ID#: D002056

Burns, Chemical

Definition:
Annotation: chem eye burns = BURNS, CHEMICAL (IM) + EYE BURNS /chem ind (IM)
ID#: D002057

Burns, Electric

Definition: Burns produced by contact with electric current or from a sudden discharge of electricity.
Annotation:
ID#: D002058

Burns, Inhalation

Definition: Burns of the respiratory tract caused by heat or inhaled chemicals.
Annotation: resp tract burns from heat or chemicals; SMOKE INHALATION INJURY is also available
ID#: D002059

Bursitis

Definition: Inflammation of a bursa, occasionally accompanied by a calcific deposit in the underlying supraspinatus tendon. The most common site is the subdeltoid bursa. (Dorland, 27th ed)
Annotation: a joint dis
ID#: D002062

Byssinosis

Definition: An airway obstruction due to the dust inhaled during the processing of cotton.
Annotation: pneumoconiosis from cotton dust fibers; do not coord with OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
ID#: D002095